Isaiah 41:23 · JPS 1917
Declare the things that are to come hereafter, that we may know that ye are gods; yea, do good, or do evil, that we may be dismayed, and behold it together.
Who acts: you, things, we, ye · What happens: declare, be, know, do, dismay, behold · To what, where: things, gods, good, evil, we, thing · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Isaiah 41:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, things, we, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Declare | declare | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 things | det |
| 3 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Declare | obj |
| 4 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 come | nsubj |
| 5 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 come | cop |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 come | mark |
| 7 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 things | acl:relcl |
| 8 | hereafter | hereafter | ADV | _ | 7 come | advmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 know | punct |
| 10 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 13 know | mark |
| 11 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 13 know | nsubj |
| 12 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 know | aux |
| 13 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 1 Declare | advcl |
| 14 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 17 gods | mark |
| 15 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 17 gods | nsubj |
| 16 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 gods | cop |
| 17 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 know | ccomp |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 do | punct |
| 19 | yea | yea | INTJ | _ | 21 do | discourse |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 yea | punct |
| 21 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Declare | parataxis |
| 22 | good | good | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 do | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 do | punct |
| 24 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 25 do | cc |
| 25 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 21 do | conj |
| 26 | evil | evil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 do | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 dismayed | punct |
| 28 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 32 dismayed | mark |
| 29 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 32 dismayed | nsubj:pass |
| 30 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 dismayed | aux |
| 31 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 32 dismayed | aux:pass |
| 32 | dismayed | dismay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 do | advcl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 behold | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 behold | cc |
| 35 | behold | behold | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 dismayed | conj |
| 36 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 behold | obj |
| 37 | together | together | ADV | _ | 35 behold | advmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Declare | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- hedged
- yes
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | declare speech: other | imperative | you not said here | the things | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | is | present | the things | the things not said here | come, hereafter property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | know | may | we | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | is a | present | ye | gods | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | do | infinitive | good | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent good=Eventuality | |||||
| 6 | do | infinitive | evil | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent evil=Eventuality | |||||
| 7 | dismay | may · passive | we | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | |||||
| 8 | behold | infinitive | thing | together property | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
הַגִּ֙ידוּ֙ הָאֹתִיּ֣וֹת לְאָח֔וֹר וְנֵ֣דְעָ֔ה כִּ֥י אֱלֹהִ֖ים אַתֶּ֑ם אַף־תֵּיטִ֣יבוּ וְתָרֵ֔עוּ וְנִשְׁתָּ֖עָה וְנִרְאֶ֥ה יַחְדָּֽו׃
Isaiah 41:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:899 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.899/