Isaiah 44:8 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 4
Fear ye not, neither be afraid; have I not announced unto thee of old, and declared it?
Who acts: ye, I · What happens: not fear, be, not announce, declare · To what, where: old
This is Isaiah 44:8 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 4 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fear | fear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 2 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 1 Fear | nsubj |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 1 Fear | advmod |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 afraid | punct |
| 5 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 7 afraid | cc |
| 6 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 7 afraid | cop |
| 7 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 Fear | conj |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 announced | punct |
| 9 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 announced | aux |
| 10 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 12 announced | nsubj |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 announced | advmod |
| 12 | announced | announce | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 1 Fear | parataxis |
| 13 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 14 thee | case |
| 14 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 12 announced | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 old | case |
| 16 | old | old | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 announced | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 declared | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 declared | cc |
| 19 | declared | declare | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 12 announced | conj |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 declared | obj |
| 21 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 1 Fear | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- yes/no question
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- neg
- indirect
- yes
- teacher
- changed act=assert, indirect=1
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not fear | infinitive | ye | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | is | infinitive | ye not said here | afraid property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | not announce speech: other | present · perfect | I | unto thee; of old | vn order-58.3 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | declare speech: other | participle | I not said here | old | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
אַֽל־תִּפְחֲדוּ֙ וְאַל־תִּרְה֔וּ הֲלֹ֥א מֵאָ֛ז הִשְׁמַעְתִּ֥יךָ וְהִגַּ֖דְתִּי וְאַתֶּ֣ם עֵדָ֑י הֲיֵ֤שׁ אֱל֙וֹהַּ֙ מִבַּלְעָדַ֔י וְאֵ֥ין צ֖וּר בַּל־יָדָֽעְתִּי׃
Isaiah 44:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- Fear ye not, neither be afraid; have I not announced unto thee of old, and declared it?
- And ye are My witnesses.
- Is there a God beside Me?
- Yea, there is no Rock; I know not any.
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:977 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.977/