Jeremiah 49:24 · JPS 1917
Damascus is waxed feeble, she turneth herself to flee, and trembling hath seized on her; anguish and pangs have taken hold of her, as of a woman in travail.
Who acts: Damascus, trembling, anguish · What happens: be, turn, flee, seize, take, hold · To what, where: Damascus, hold
This is Jeremiah 49:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Damascus, trembling, anguish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Damascus | Damascus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 waxed | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 waxed | cop |
| 3 | waxed | wax | ADJ | _ | root | root |
| 4 | feeble | feeble | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 waxed | xcomp |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 turneth | punct |
| 6 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 turneth | nsubj |
| 7 | turneth | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 waxed | conj |
| 8 | herself | herself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 7 turneth | obj |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 flee | mark |
| 10 | flee | flee | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 turneth | advcl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 seized | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 seized | cc |
| 13 | trembling | trembling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 seized | nsubj |
| 14 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 seized | aux |
| 15 | seized | seize | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 waxed | conj |
| 16 | on | on | ADP | _ | 17 her | case |
| 17 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 seized | obl |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 taken | punct |
| 19 | anguish | anguish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 taken | nsubj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 pangs | cc |
| 21 | pangs | pang | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 anguish | conj |
| 22 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 taken | aux |
| 23 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 waxed | conj |
| 24 | hold | hold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 taken | obj |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 her | case |
| 26 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 hold | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 woman | punct |
| 28 | as | as | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 31 woman | case |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 as | fixed |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 woman | det |
| 31 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 taken | obl |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 travail | case |
| 33 | travail | travail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 woman | nmod |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 waxed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- changed polarity=neg
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Damascus | feeble, wax property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | turn | present | Damascus | Damascus | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent herself=Theme | ||||
| 3 | flee | to-infinitive | Damascus not said here | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | seize | present · perfect | trembling | on Damascus | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | take | present · perfect | anguish and pangs | hold of Damascus | as a woman in travail | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent hold=Theme as woman=Attribute | |||
| 6 | hold | Damascus | nom hold «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
רָפְתָ֥ה דַמֶּ֛שֶׂק הִפְנְתָ֥ה לָנ֖וּס וְרֶ֣טֶט ׀ הֶחֱזִ֑יקָה צָרָ֧ה וַחֲבָלִ֛ים אֲחָזַ֖תָּה כַּיּוֹלֵדָֽה׃
Jeremiah 49:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JER:1314 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1314/