Jeremiah 1:18 · JPS 1917
For, behold, I have made thee this day a fortified city, and an iron pillar, and brazen walls, against the whole land, against the kings of Judah, against the princes thereof, against the priests thereof, and against the people of the land.
Who acts: I · What happens: make · To what, where: fortified city, thee
This is Jeremiah 1:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | CCONJ | _ | 7 made | cc |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 For | punct |
| 3 | behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 7 made | discourse |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 behold | punct |
| 5 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 made | nsubj |
| 6 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 made | aux |
| 7 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 8 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 7 made | iobj |
| 9 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 10 day | det |
| 10 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 made | obl:unmarked |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 city | det |
| 12 | fortified | fortify | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 city | amod |
| 13 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 made | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 pillar | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 pillar | cc |
| 16 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 pillar | det |
| 17 | iron | iron | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 pillar | compound |
| 18 | pillar | pillar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 city | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 walls | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 walls | cc |
| 21 | brazen | brazen | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 walls | amod |
| 22 | walls | wall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 city | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 land | punct |
| 24 | against | against | ADP | _ | 27 land | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 land | det |
| 26 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 land | amod |
| 27 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 made | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 kings | punct |
| 29 | against | against | ADP | _ | 31 kings | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 kings | det |
| 31 | kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 made | obl |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 Judah | case |
| 33 | Judah | Judah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 kings | nmod |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 princes | punct |
| 35 | against | against | ADP | _ | 37 princes | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 princes | det |
| 37 | princes | prince | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 kings | conj |
| 38 | thereof | thereof | ADV | _ | 37 princes | advmod |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 priests | punct |
| 40 | against | against | ADP | _ | 42 priests | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 priests | det |
| 42 | priests | priest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 kings | conj |
| 43 | thereof | thereof | ADV | _ | 42 priests | advmod |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 people | punct |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 people | cc |
| 46 | against | against | ADP | _ | 48 people | case |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 people | det |
| 48 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 kings | conj |
| 49 | of | of | ADP | _ | 51 land | case |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 51 land | det |
| 51 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 people | nmod |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 made | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present · perfect | I | a fortified city and a iron pillar and brazen walls | thee | day | against the whole land; against the kings of Judah and the princes and the priests and the people of the land | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset thou=Beneficiary city=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַאֲנִ֞י הִנֵּ֧ה נְתַתִּ֣יךָ הַיּ֗וֹם לְעִ֨יר מִבְצָ֜ר וּלְעַמּ֥וּד בַּרְזֶ֛ל וּלְחֹמ֥וֹת נְחֹ֖שֶׁת עַל־כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ לְמַלְכֵ֤י יְהוּדָה֙ לְשָׂרֶ֔יהָ לְכֹהֲנֶ֖יהָ וּלְעַ֥ם הָאָֽרֶץ׃
Jeremiah 1:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JER:17 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.17/