Jeremiah 2:24 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2
A wild ass used to the wilderness, that snuffeth up the wind in her desire; her lust, who can hinder it?
Who acts: wild ass, lust, iniquity · What happens: use, snuff up, hinder, desire, lust · To what, where: wild ass, wind, desire
This is Jeremiah 2:24 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wild ass, lust, iniquity), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 ass | det |
| 2 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 ass | amod |
| 3 | ass | ass | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 ass | acl |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 wilderness | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 wilderness | det |
| 7 | wilderness | wilderness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 used | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 snuffeth | punct |
| 9 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 snuffeth | nsubj |
| 10 | snuffeth | snuff | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 ass | acl:relcl |
| 11 | up | up | ADP | _ | 10 snuffeth | compound:prt |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 wind | det |
| 13 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 snuffeth | obj |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 desire | case |
| 15 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 desire | nmod:poss |
| 16 | desire | desire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 snuffeth | obl |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 lust | punct |
| 18 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 lust | nmod:poss |
| 19 | lust | lust | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 ass | parataxis |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 hinder | punct |
| 21 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 23 hinder | nsubj |
| 22 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 hinder | aux |
| 23 | hinder | hinder | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 lust | acl:relcl |
| 24 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 hinder | obj |
| 25 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 ass | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- fragment
- act
- evaluate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed form=frag, act=evaluate
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | participle | a wild ass not said here | to the wilderness | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | snuff up | present | a wild ass | the wind | iniquity's desire | tree rules | |||
| 3 | hinder | can | iniquity's lust | wind | vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer it=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | desire | iniquity | nom desire «feeling transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 5 | lust | iniquity | nom lust «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
פֶּ֣רֶה ׀ לִמֻּ֣ד מִדְבָּ֗ר בְּאַוַּ֤ת נַפְשָׁהּ֙ שָׁאֲפָ֣ה ר֔וּחַ תַּאֲנָתָ֖הּ מִ֣י יְשִׁיבֶ֑נָּה כָּל־מְבַקְשֶׁ֙יהָ֙ לֹ֣א יִיעָ֔פוּ בְּחָדְשָׁ֖הּ יִמְצָאֽוּנְהָ׃
Jeremiah 2:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- A wild ass used to the wilderness, that snuffeth up the wind in her desire; her lust, who can hinder it?
- All they that seek her will not weary themselves; in her month they shall find her.
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JER:47 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.47/