Jonah 1:12 · JPS 1917
And he said unto them: 'Take me up, and cast me forth into the sea; so shall the sea be calm unto you; for I know that for my sake this great tempest is upon you.'
Who acts: sea, I · What happens: say, take up, cast, be, know · To what, where: me, sea · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Jonah 1:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sea, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 said | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 5 them | case |
| 5 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 said | obl |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 8 Take | punct |
| 7 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 8 Take | punct |
| 8 | Take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 said | ccomp |
| 9 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 Take | obj |
| 10 | up | up | ADP | _ | 8 Take | compound:prt |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 cast | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 cast | cc |
| 13 | cast | cast | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 Take | conj |
| 14 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 13 cast | obj |
| 15 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 13 cast | advmod |
| 16 | into | into | ADP | _ | 18 sea | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 sea | det |
| 18 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 cast | obl |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 calm | punct |
| 20 | so | so | ADV | _ | 25 calm | advmod |
| 21 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 calm | aux |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 sea | det |
| 23 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 calm | nsubj |
| 24 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 25 calm | cop |
| 25 | calm | calm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 said | parataxis |
| 26 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 27 you | case |
| 27 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 25 calm | obl |
| 28 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 know | punct |
| 29 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 31 know | mark |
| 30 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 31 know | nsubj |
| 31 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 calm | advcl |
| 32 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 41 you | mark |
| 33 | for | for | ADP | _ | 35 sake | case |
| 34 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 sake | nmod:poss |
| 35 | sake | sake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 tempest | nmod |
| 36 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 38 tempest | det |
| 37 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 tempest | amod |
| 38 | tempest | tempest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 you | nsubj |
| 39 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 sake | cop |
| 40 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 41 you | case |
| 41 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 31 know | ccomp |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
| 43 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | sea | unto lots = lot | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | take up | infinitive | me | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument i=Destination | |||||
| 3 | cast | infinitive | me | the sea | forth property | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent i=Material into sea=Product | |||
| 4 | is | shall | the sea | unto you; calm property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | know | present | I | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 6 | is | present | for my sake | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם שָׂא֙וּנִי֙ וַהֲטִילֻ֣נִי אֶל־הַיָּ֔ם וְיִשְׁתֹּ֥ק הַיָּ֖ם מֵֽעֲלֵיכֶ֑ם כִּ֚י יוֹדֵ֣עַ אָ֔נִי כִּ֣י בְשֶׁלִּ֔י הַסַּ֧עַר הַגָּד֛וֹל הַזֶּ֖ה עֲלֵיכֶֽם׃
Jonah 1:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JON:12 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JON.12/