Joshua 1:12 · JPS 1917
And to the Reubenites, and to the Gadites, and to the half-tribe of Manasseh, spoke Joshua, saying:
Who acts: Joshua · What happens: speak, say · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Joshua 1:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joshua), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 spoke | cc |
| 2 | to | to | ADP | _ | 4 Reubenites | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Reubenites | det |
| 4 | Reubenites | Reubenite | PROPN | Number=Plur | 20 spoke | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 Gadites | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 Gadites | cc |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 Gadites | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Gadites | det |
| 9 | Gadites | Gadite | PROPN | Number=Plur | 4 Reubenites | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 tribe | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 tribe | cc |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 tribe | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 tribe | det |
| 14 | half | half | NOUN | Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac | 16 tribe | compound |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 half | punct |
| 16 | tribe | tribe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 Reubenites | conj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 Manasseh | case |
| 18 | Manasseh | Manasseh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 tribe | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 spoke | punct |
| 20 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 21 | Joshua | Joshua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 spoke | nsubj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 saying | punct |
| 23 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 20 spoke | advcl |
| 24 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 20 spoke | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | past | Joshua | to the Reubenites and the Gadites and the half tribe of Manasseh | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to reubenite=Co-Agent | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | gerund | Joshua not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְלָרֽאוּבֵנִי֙ וְלַגָּדִ֔י וְלַחֲצִ֖י שֵׁ֣בֶט הַֽמְנַשֶּׁ֑ה אָמַ֥ר יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ לֵאמֹֽר׃
Joshua 1:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JOS:12 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.12/