Joshua 23:2 · JPS 1917
that Joshua called for all Israel, for their elders and for their heads, and for their judges and for their officers, and said unto them: 'I am old and well stricken in years.
Who acts: Joshua, I · What happens: call, say, be · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Joshua 23:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joshua, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 3 called | mark |
| 2 | Joshua | Joshua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 called | nsubj |
| 3 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | for | for | ADP | _ | 6 Israel | case |
| 5 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 6 Israel | det |
| 6 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 called | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 elders | punct |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 elders | case |
| 9 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 elders | nmod:poss |
| 10 | elders | elder | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 called | obl |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 heads | cc |
| 12 | for | for | ADP | _ | 14 heads | case |
| 13 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 heads | nmod:poss |
| 14 | heads | head | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 elders | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 judges | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 judges | cc |
| 17 | for | for | ADP | _ | 19 judges | case |
| 18 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 judges | nmod:poss |
| 19 | judges | judge | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 elders | conj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 officers | cc |
| 21 | for | for | ADP | _ | 23 officers | case |
| 22 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 officers | nmod:poss |
| 23 | officers | officer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 elders | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 said | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 said | cc |
| 26 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 called | conj |
| 27 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 28 them | case |
| 28 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 said | obl |
| 29 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 33 old | punct |
| 30 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 33 old | punct |
| 31 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 33 old | nsubj |
| 32 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 old | cop |
| 33 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 said | ccomp |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 stricken | cc |
| 35 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 36 stricken | advmod |
| 36 | stricken | stricken | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 old | conj |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 38 years | case |
| 38 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 stricken | obl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 called | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | past | Joshua | for all Israel; for enemies's elders and enemies's heads and enemies's judges and enemies's officers | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S_INF»: agent=Agent for israel=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Joshua not said here | unto enemies = enemy | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | is | present | I | old property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | be | I not said here | year | well property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיִּקְרָ֤א יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ לְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לִזְקֵנָיו֙ וּלְרָאשָׁ֔יו וּלְשֹׁפְטָ֖יו וּלְשֹֽׁטְרָ֑יו וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֔ם אֲנִ֣י זָקַ֔נְתִּי בָּ֖אתִי בַּיָּמִֽים׃
Joshua 23:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JOS:633 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.633/