Joshua 23:2 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: Joshua, I · What happens: call, say, be · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Joshua 23:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joshua, I — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּקְרָ֤א יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ לְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לִזְקֵנָיו֙ וּלְרָאשָׁ֔יו וּלְשֹׁפְטָ֖יו וּלְשֹֽׁטְרָ֑יו וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֔ם אֲנִ֣י זָקַ֔נְתִּי בָּ֖אתִי בַּיָּמִֽים׃

that Joshua called for all Israel, for their elders and for their heads, and for their judges and for their officers, and said unto them: 'I am old and well stricken in years.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּקְרָ֤א	cc	and
2	יִּקְרָ֤א	קָרָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he summoned
3	יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙	יְהֹושֻׁעַ	PROPN	_	2 יִּקְרָ֤א	nsubj	Joshua
4	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	5 כָל־	case	(to)
5	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּקְרָ֤א	obl	all
6	יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	5 כָל־	compound:smixut	Israel
7	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	8 זְקֵנָי	case	(to)
8	זְקֵנָי	זָקֵן	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 כָל־	nmod	its
9	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 זְקֵנָי	nmod:poss	elders
10	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 רָאשָׁ֔י	cc	and
11	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	12 רָאשָׁ֔י	case	(to)
12	רָאשָׁ֔י	רֹאשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	8 זְקֵנָי	conj	chiefs
13	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 רָאשָׁ֔י	nmod:poss	its
14	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 שֹׁפְטָ֖י	cc	and
15	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	16 שֹׁפְטָ֖י	case	(to)
16	שֹׁפְטָ֖י	שָׁפַט	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	8 זְקֵנָי	conj	judges
17	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 שֹׁפְטָ֖י	nmod:poss	its
18	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 שֹֽׁטְרָ֑י	cc	and
19	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	20 שֹֽׁטְרָ֑י	case	(to)
20	שֹֽׁטְרָ֑י	שֹׁטֵר	NOUN	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	8 זְקֵנָי	conj	officials
21	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 שֹֽׁטְרָ֑י	nmod:poss	its
22	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 יֹּ֣אמֶר	cc	and
23	יֹּ֣אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּקְרָ֤א	conj	he said
24	אֲל	אֶל	ADP	_	25 ֵהֶ֔ם	case	to
25	ֵהֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 יֹּ֣אמֶר	obl	them
26	אֲנִ֣י	אֲנִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	27 זָקַ֔נְתִּי	nsubj	I
27	זָקַ֔נְתִּי	זָקֵן	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	23 יֹּ֣אמֶר	ccomp	I am old
28	בָּ֖אתִי	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	27 זָקַ֔נְתִּי	parataxis	I have come
29	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	31 יָּמִֽים	case	in
30	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	31 יָּמִֽים	det	(the)
31	יָּמִֽים	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	28 בָּ֖אתִי	obl	days
32	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	31 יָּמִֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יִּקְרָא he summoned	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua
זָקַנְתִּי I am old	qatal · qal	אֲנִי I
בָּאתִי I have come	qatal · qal	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּקְרָא יְהוֹשֻׁעַ לְכָל יִשְׂרָאֵל לְסָבוֹהִי וּלְרֵישׁוֹהִי וּלְדַיָנוֹהִי וּלְסַרְכוֹהִי וַאֲמַר לְהוֹן אֲנָא סִיבִית עָלִית בְּיוֹמִין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

that Joshua called for all Israel, for their elders and for their heads, and for their judges and for their officers, and said unto them: 'I am old and well stricken in years.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:610.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.23.2/