Malachi 1:3 · JPS 1917
But Esau I hated, and made his mountains a desolation, and gave his heritage to the jackals of the wilderness.
Who acts: I · What happens: hate, make, give · To what, where: Esau, mountains, heritage, jackals
This is Malachi 1:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 4 hated | cc |
| 2 | Esau | Esau | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 hated | obj |
| 3 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 hated | nsubj |
| 4 | hated | hate | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 made | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 made | cc |
| 7 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 hated | conj |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 mountains | nmod:poss |
| 9 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 made | obj |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 desolation | det |
| 11 | desolation | desolation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 made | xcomp |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 gave | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 gave | cc |
| 14 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 hated | conj |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 heritage | nmod:poss |
| 16 | heritage | heritage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 gave | obj |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 jackals | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 jackals | det |
| 19 | jackals | jackal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 gave | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 wilderness | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 wilderness | det |
| 22 | wilderness | wilderness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 jackals | nmod |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 hated | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hate | past | I | Esau | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer esau=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | make | past | I not said here | Esau's mountains | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset mountain=Product | ||||
| 3 | give | past | I not said here | Esau's heritage | the jackals of the wilderness | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent heritage=Theme to jackal=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְאֶת־עֵשָׂ֖ו שָׂנֵ֑אתִי וָאָשִׂ֤ים אֶת־הָרָיו֙ שְׁמָמָ֔ה וְאֶת־נַחֲלָת֖וֹ לְתַנּ֥וֹת מִדְבָּֽר׃
Malachi 1:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:MAL:3 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.3/