Malachi 2:11 · JPS 1917
Judah hath dealt treacherously, and an abomination is committed in Israel and in Jerusalem; for Judah hath profaned the holiness of the LORD which He loveth, and hath married the daughter of a strange god.
Who acts: Judah · What happens: deal, commit, profane, love, marry · To what, where: abomination, Israel, holiness, daughter
This is Malachi 2:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Judah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Judah | Judah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 dealt | nsubj |
| 2 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 dealt | aux |
| 3 | dealt | deal | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | treacherously | treacherously | ADV | _ | 3 dealt | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 committed | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 committed | cc |
| 7 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 abomination | det |
| 8 | abomination | abomination | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 committed | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 committed | aux:pass |
| 10 | committed | commit | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 dealt | conj |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 Israel | case |
| 12 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 committed | obl |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 Jerusalem | cc |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 Jerusalem | case |
| 15 | Jerusalem | Jerusalem | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 Israel | conj |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 profaned | punct |
| 17 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 20 profaned | mark |
| 18 | Judah | Judah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 profaned | nsubj |
| 19 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 profaned | aux |
| 20 | profaned | profane | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 dealt | conj |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 holiness | det |
| 22 | holiness | holiness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 profaned | obj |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 LORD | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 LORD | det |
| 25 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 holiness | nmod |
| 26 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 loveth | obj |
| 27 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 loveth | nsubj |
| 28 | loveth | love | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 holiness | acl:relcl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 married | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 married | cc |
| 31 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 married | aux |
| 32 | married | marry | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 profaned | conj |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 daughter | det |
| 34 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 married | obj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 god | case |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 god | det |
| 37 | strange | strange | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 god | amod |
| 38 | god | god | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 daughter | nmod |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 dealt | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | deal | present · perfect | Judah | treacherously property | vn cope-83 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | commit | present · passive | a abomination | Israel and Jerusalem | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in israel=Destination | ||||
| 3 | profane | present · perfect | Judah | the holiness of the LORD | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | love | present | Judah | the holiness of the LORD | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer which=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | marry | present · perfect | Judah not said here | the daughter of a strange god | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent daughter=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
בָּגְדָ֣ה יְהוּדָ֔ה וְתוֹעֵבָ֛ה נֶעֶשְׂתָ֥ה בְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וּבִירֽוּשָׁלִָ֑ם כִּ֣י ׀ חִלֵּ֣ל יְהוּדָ֗ה קֹ֤דֶשׁ יְהוָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָהֵ֔ב וּבָעַ֖ל בַּת־אֵ֥ל נֵכָֽר׃
Malachi 2:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:MAL:32 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.32/