Malachi 3:2 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 3
But who may abide the day of his coming?
What happens: abide
This is Malachi 3:2 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 3 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 4 abide | cc |
| 2 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Int | 4 abide | nsubj |
| 3 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 abide | aux |
| 4 | abide | abide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 day | det |
| 6 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 abide | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 coming | case |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 coming | nmod:poss |
| 9 | coming | come | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 day | nmod |
| 10 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 abide | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- yes/no question
- act
- ask
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- indirect
- yes
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | abide | may | day | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וּמִ֤י מְכַלְכֵּל֙ אֶת־י֣וֹם בּוֹא֔וֹ וּמִ֥י הָעֹמֵ֖ד בְּהֵרָֽאוֹת֑וֹ כִּֽי־הוּא֙ כְּאֵ֣שׁ מְצָרֵ֔ף וּכְבֹרִ֖ית מְכַבְּסִֽים׃
Malachi 3:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- But who may abide the day of his coming?
- And who shall stand when he appeareth?
- For he is like a refiner's fire, and like fullers' soap;
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:MAL:43 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.43/