Malachi 3:13 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2
Yet ye say: 'Wherein have we spoken against thee?'
Who acts: ye, we · What happens: say, speak · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Malachi 3:13 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 3 say | cc |
| 2 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 3 say | nsubj |
| 3 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 spoken | punct |
| 5 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 9 spoken | punct |
| 6 | Wherein | wherein | ADV | PronType=Int | 9 spoken | advmod |
| 7 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 spoken | aux |
| 8 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 9 spoken | nsubj |
| 9 | spoken | speak | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 say | ccomp |
| 10 | against | against | ADP | _ | 11 thee | case |
| 11 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 9 spoken | obl |
| 12 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 9 spoken | punct |
| 13 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 9 spoken | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- wh-question
- act
- disagree
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- indirect
- yes
- teacher
- changed act=disagree, indirect=1
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | ye | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | speak speech: other | present · perfect | we | against thee; wherein property | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
חָזְק֥וּ עָלַ֛י דִּבְרֵיכֶ֖ם אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֕ם מַה־נִּדְבַּ֖רְנוּ עָלֶֽיךָ׃
Malachi 3:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- Your words have been all too strong against Me, saith the LORD.
- Yet ye say: 'Wherein have we spoken against thee?'
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:MAL:61 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.61/