Malachi 3:14 · JPS 1917
Ye have said: 'It is vain to serve God; and what profit is it that we have kept His charge, and that we have walked mournfully because of the LORD of hosts?
Who acts: Ye, we, God · What happens: say, be, serve, keep, walk, charge · To what, where: God, profit, charge · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Malachi 3:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ye, we, God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 3 said | nsubj |
| 2 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | aux |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 8 vain | punct |
| 5 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 8 vain | punct |
| 6 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 vain | expl |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 vain | cop |
| 8 | vain | vain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 said | ccomp |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 serve | mark |
| 10 | serve | serve | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 vain | csubj |
| 11 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 serve | obj |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 profit | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 profit | cc |
| 14 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 15 profit | nsubj |
| 15 | profit | profit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 vain | conj |
| 16 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 profit | cop |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 profit | expl |
| 18 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 21 kept | mark |
| 19 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 21 kept | nsubj |
| 20 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 kept | aux |
| 21 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 15 profit | csubj |
| 22 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 charge | nmod:poss |
| 23 | charge | charge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 kept | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 walked | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 walked | cc |
| 26 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 29 walked | mark |
| 27 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 29 walked | nsubj |
| 28 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 walked | aux |
| 29 | walked | walk | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 21 kept | conj |
| 30 | mournfully | mournfully | ADV | _ | 29 walked | advmod |
| 31 | because | because | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 34 LORD | case |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 because | fixed |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 LORD | det |
| 34 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 walked | obl |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 hosts | case |
| 36 | hosts | host | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 LORD | nmod |
| 37 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- changed form=decl, act=assert, polarity=neg
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present · perfect | Ye | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is | present | vain property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | serve | to-infinitive | God | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent god=Attribute | |||||
| 4 | is a | present | profit | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | keep | present · perfect | we | God's charge | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent charge=Theme | ||||
| 6 | walk | present · perfect | we | because the LORD of hosts; mournfully property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 7 | charge | God | nom charge «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
אֲמַרְתֶּ֕ם שָׁ֖וְא עֲבֹ֣ד אֱלֹהִ֑ים וּמַה־בֶּ֗צַע כִּ֤י שָׁמַ֙רְנוּ֙ מִשְׁמַרְתּ֔וֹ וְכִ֤י הָלַ֙כְנוּ֙ קְדֹ֣רַנִּ֔ית מִפְּנֵ֖י יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃
Malachi 3:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:MAL:62 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.62/