Malachi 3:16 · JPS 1917
Then they that feared the LORD spoke one with another; and the LORD hearkened, and heard, and a book of remembrance was written before Him, for them that feared the LORD, and that thought upon His name.
Who acts: hosts, LORD, that · What happens: fear, speak, hearken, hear, write, think · To what, where: LORD, one, book · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Malachi 3:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hosts, LORD, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 7 spoke | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 spoke | nsubj |
| 3 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 4 feared | nsubj |
| 4 | feared | fear | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 they | acl:relcl |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 LORD | det |
| 6 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 feared | obj |
| 7 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | one | one | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Prs | 7 spoke | obl |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 another | case |
| 10 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 8 one | nmod |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 hearkened | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 hearkened | cc |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 LORD | det |
| 14 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 hearkened | nsubj |
| 15 | hearkened | hearken | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 spoke | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 heard | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 heard | cc |
| 18 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 hearkened | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 written | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 written | cc |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 book | det |
| 22 | book | book | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 written | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 remembrance | case |
| 24 | remembrance | remembrance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 book | nmod |
| 25 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 written | aux:pass |
| 26 | written | write | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 hearkened | conj |
| 27 | before | before | ADP | _ | 28 Him | case |
| 28 | Him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 written | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 them | punct |
| 30 | for | for | ADP | _ | 31 them | case |
| 31 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 written | obl |
| 32 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 33 feared | nsubj |
| 33 | feared | fear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 them | acl:relcl |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 LORD | det |
| 35 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 feared | obj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 thought | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 thought | cc |
| 38 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 39 thought | nsubj |
| 39 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 feared | conj |
| 40 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 42 name | case |
| 41 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 name | nmod:poss |
| 42 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 thought | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 spoke | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fear | past | the LORD | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lord=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | speak speech: other | past | hosts = host | one | then | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 3 | hearken | past | the LORD | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | hear | past | the LORD not said here | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | write | past · passive | a book of remembrance | before Lord | for hosts = host | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Result for they=Beneficiary | |||
| 6 | fear | past | the LORD | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lord=Stimulus | |||||
| 7 | think speech: other | past | that | upon Lord's name | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 8 | name | Lord | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
אָ֧ז נִדְבְּר֛וּ יִרְאֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵ֑הוּ וַיַּקְשֵׁ֤ב יְהוָה֙ וַיִּשְׁמָ֔ע וַ֠יִּכָּתֵב סֵ֣פֶר זִכָּר֤וֹן לְפָנָיו֙ לְיִרְאֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וּלְחֹשְׁבֵ֖י שְׁמֽוֹ׃
Malachi 3:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:MAL:64 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.64/