Nahum 1:4 · JPS 1917
He rebuketh the sea, and maketh it dry, and drieth up all the rivers; Bashan languisheth, and Carmel, and the flower of Lebanon languisheth.
Who acts: LORD, Bashan, flower · What happens: rebuke, make, dry up, languish · To what, where: sea, rivers
This is Nahum 1:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, Bashan, flower), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 rebuketh | nsubj |
| 2 | rebuketh | rebuke | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 sea | det |
| 4 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 rebuketh | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 maketh | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 maketh | cc |
| 7 | maketh | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 rebuketh | conj |
| 8 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 maketh | obj |
| 9 | dry | dry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 maketh | xcomp |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 drieth | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 drieth | cc |
| 12 | drieth | dry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 rebuketh | conj |
| 13 | up | up | ADP | _ | 12 drieth | compound:prt |
| 14 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 16 rivers | det:predet |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 rivers | det |
| 16 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 drieth | obj |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 languisheth | punct |
| 18 | Bashan | Bashan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 languisheth | nsubj |
| 19 | languisheth | languish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 rebuketh | parataxis |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 Carmel | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 Carmel | cc |
| 22 | Carmel | Carmel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 Bashan | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 languisheth | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 languisheth | cc |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 flower | det |
| 26 | flower | flower | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 languisheth | nsubj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 Lebanon | case |
| 28 | Lebanon | Lebanon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 flower | nmod |
| 29 | languisheth | languish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 languisheth | conj |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 rebuketh | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rebuke | present | LORD | the sea | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sea=Theme | ||||
| 2 | make | present | LORD not said here | sea | dry property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product | |||
| 3 | dry up | present | LORD not said here | all rivers | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient river=Result | ||||
| 4 | languish | present | Bashan and Carmel | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | languish | present | the flower of Lebanon | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
גּוֹעֵ֤ר בַּיָּם֙ וַֽיַּבְּשֵׁ֔הוּ וְכָל־הַנְּהָר֖וֹת הֶֽחֱרִ֑יב אֻמְלַ֤ל בָּשָׁן֙ וְכַרְמֶ֔ל וּפֶ֥רַח לְבָנ֖וֹן אֻמְלָֽל׃
Nahum 1:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:NAM:4 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/NAM.4/