Nahum 3:16 · JPS 1917
Thou hast multiplied thy merchants above the stars of heaven; the canker-worm spreadeth itself, and flieth away.
Who acts: Thou, canker worm · What happens: multiply, spread, fly away · To what, where: merchants, stars, worm
This is Nahum 3:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Thou, canker worm), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 3 multiplied | nsubj |
| 2 | hast | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 multiplied | aux |
| 3 | multiplied | multiply | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 5 merchants | nmod:poss |
| 5 | merchants | merchant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 multiplied | obj |
| 6 | above | above | ADP | _ | 8 stars | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 stars | det |
| 8 | stars | star | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 multiplied | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 heaven | case |
| 10 | heaven | heaven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 stars | nmod |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 spreadeth | punct |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 worm | det |
| 13 | canker | canker | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 worm | compound |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 canker | punct |
| 15 | worm | worm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 spreadeth | nsubj |
| 16 | spreadeth | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 multiplied | parataxis |
| 17 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 16 spreadeth | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 flieth | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 flieth | cc |
| 20 | flieth | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 spreadeth | conj |
| 21 | away | away | ADV | _ | 20 flieth | advmod |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 multiplied | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | multiply | present · perfect | Thou | thy merchants | the stars of heaven | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent merchant=Theme | |||
| 2 | spread | present | the canker worm | worm | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location itself=Theme | ||||
| 3 | fly away | present | the canker worm not said here | away property | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
הִרְבֵּית֙ רֹֽכְלַ֔יִךְ מִכּוֹכְבֵ֖י הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם יֶ֥לֶק פָּשַׁ֖ט וַיָּעֹֽף׃
Nahum 3:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:NAM:49 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/NAM.49/