Zephaniah 1:17 · JPS 1917
And I will bring distress upon men, that they shall walk like the blind, because they have sinned against the LORD; and their blood shall be poured out as dust, and their flesh as dung.
Who acts: I, man · What happens: bring, walk, sin, pour out · To what, where: distress, blood
This is Zephaniah 1:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 bring | cc |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 bring | nsubj |
| 3 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 bring | aux |
| 4 | bring | bring | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | distress | distress | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 bring | obj |
| 6 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 7 men | case |
| 7 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 bring | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 walk | punct |
| 9 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 12 walk | mark |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 walk | nsubj |
| 11 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 walk | aux |
| 12 | walk | walk | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 bring | advcl |
| 13 | like | like | ADP | _ | 15 blind | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 blind | det |
| 15 | blind | blind | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 walk | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 sinned | punct |
| 17 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 20 sinned | mark |
| 18 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 sinned | nsubj |
| 19 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 sinned | aux |
| 20 | sinned | sin | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 12 walk | advcl |
| 21 | against | against | ADP | _ | 23 LORD | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 LORD | det |
| 23 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 sinned | obl |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 poured | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 poured | cc |
| 26 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 blood | nmod:poss |
| 27 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 poured | nsubj:pass |
| 28 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 30 poured | aux |
| 29 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 30 poured | aux:pass |
| 30 | poured | pour | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 bring | conj |
| 31 | out | out | ADP | _ | 30 poured | compound:prt |
| 32 | as | as | ADP | _ | 33 dust | case |
| 33 | dust | dust | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 poured | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 flesh | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 flesh | cc |
| 36 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 flesh | nmod:poss |
| 37 | flesh | flesh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 poured | conj |
| 38 | as | as | ADP | _ | 39 dung | case |
| 39 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 flesh | orphan |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 bring | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- promise
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bring | future | I | distress | upon men | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent distress=Theme | |||
| 2 | walk | shall | man | like the blind | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | sin | present · perfect | man | against the LORD | vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V PP.maleficiary»: agent=Agent against lord=Maleficiary | ||||
| 4 | pour out | shall · passive | man's blood | as dust | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַהֲצֵרֹ֣תִי לָאָדָ֗ם וְהָֽלְכוּ֙ כַּֽעִוְרִ֔ים כִּ֥י לַֽיהוָ֖ה חָטָ֑אוּ וְשֻׁפַּ֤ךְ דָּמָם֙ כֶּֽעָפָ֔ר וּלְחֻמָ֖ם כַּגְּלָלִֽים׃
Zephaniah 1:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ZEP:16 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEP.16/