Exam question 3 · Smoking, vaping and betting: habits that are hard to stop

Select the response that most accurately characterises the expression "a little flutter".

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, most · What happens: select, characteris · To what, where: response, expression

This is exam question 3 of lesson 28 «Smoking, vaping and betting: habits that are hard to stop» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	7 characterises	mark
5	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 characterises	nsubj
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	5 most	advmod
7	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Select	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 expression	det
9	expression	expression	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 characterises	obj
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 flutter	punct
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 flutter	det
12	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 flutter	amod
13	flutter	flutter	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 expression	appos
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 flutter	punct
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	characteris	present	most	the expression					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

A severe addiction to gambling

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 addiction	det
2	severe	severe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 addiction	amod
3	addiction	addiction	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 gambling	case
5	gambling	gambling	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 addiction	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

A loan obtained in order to gamble

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 loan	det
2	loan	loan	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	obtained	obtain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 loan	acl
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 order	case
5	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 obtained	obl
6	to	to	PART	_	7 gamble	mark
7	gamble	gamble	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 obtained	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	obtain	participle		a loan not said here		order			vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
2	gamble	to-infinitive							vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

A small wager placed for amusement

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 wager	det
2	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 wager	amod
3	wager	wager	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	placed	place	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 wager	acl
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 amusement	case
6	amusement	amusement	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 placed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	place	participle		a small wager not said here				for amusement	vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

A feeling of nervousness before a race

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 feeling	det
2	feeling	feeling	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 nervousness	case
4	nervousness	nervousness	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 feeling	nmod
5	before	before	ADP	_	7 race	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 race	det
7	race	race	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 feeling	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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