Test 4 · ★ · Drawing: lines, shapes and drawing what you really see

A cartoon horse has knees that bend the same way as a person's. What would a real horse show?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: cartoon horse, knees · What happens: have, bend · To what, where: knees, same way

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 12 «Drawing: lines, shapes and drawing what you really see» of the arts course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A cartoon horse has knees that bend the same way as a person's.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 horse	det
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 horse	compound
3	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	nsubj
4	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	knees	knee	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 has	obj
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 bend	nsubj
7	bend	bend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 knees	acl:relcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 way	det
9	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 way	amod
10	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 bend	obl:unmarked
11	as	as	ADP	_	13 person	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 person	det
13	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 bend	obl
14	's	's	PART	_	13 person	case
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	a cartoon horse	knees					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knee=Patient
2	bend	present	knees	the same way				as a person	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What would a real horse show?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	1 What	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 show	det
4	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 show	amod
5	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 show	compound
6	show	show	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1

Horse legs bend exactly like ours do

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 legs	compound
2	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 bend	nsubj
3	bend	bend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	3 bend	advmod
5	like	like	SCONJ	_	7 do	mark
6	ours	our	PRON	Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 do	nsubj
7	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 bend	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bend	present	Horse legs					exactly property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	do	present	ours						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The lower joint that bends back is the ankle, with the knee higher up

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 joint	det
2	lower	low	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 joint	amod
3	joint	joint	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 ankle	nsubj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 bends	nsubj
5	bends	bend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 joint	acl:relcl
6	back	back	ADV	_	5 bends	advmod
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 ankle	cop
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 ankle	det
9	ankle	ankle	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 knee	punct
11	with	with	ADP	_	13 knee	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 knee	det
13	knee	knee	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 ankle	conj
14	higher	high	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	13 knee	amod
15	up	up	ADV	_	14 higher	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bend back	present	the lower joint						vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	the lower joint	the ankle and the knee					tree rules

Option 3

Horses have no joints at all in their legs, so they never bend them

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 joints	det
4	joints	joint	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 all	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 joints	nmod
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 legs	case
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 legs	nmod:poss
9	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 all	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 bend	punct
11	so	so	ADV	_	14 bend	advmod
12	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 bend	nsubj
13	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	14 bend	advmod
14	bend	bend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 have	conj
15	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 bend	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Horses	no joints		all			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent joint=Patient
2	not bend	present	Horses = horse	joints = joint					vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent they=Material

Option 4

Horses have four separate knees on each leg, all bending forwards

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 knees	nummod
4	separate	separate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 knees	amod
5	knees	knee	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 leg	case
7	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	8 leg	det
8	leg	leg	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 knees	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 forwards	punct
10	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	12 forwards	det
11	bending	bend	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	12 forwards	amod
12	forwards	forward	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 knees	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Horses	four separate knees and all bending forwards		each leg			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knee=Patient
2	bend	gerund							vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/arts/12-drawing-lines-shapes-and-drawing-what-you-really-see/t4/