Exam question 3 · Famous artists, simply (Van Gogh, Kahlo, Picasso, Hokusai,…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the commercial fortunes of Vincent van Gogh during his lifetime?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: commercial fortunes

This is exam question 3 of lesson 16 «Famous artists, simply (Van Gogh, Kahlo, Picasso, Hokusai, Bilokur, Prymachenko, Qi Baishi...)» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 fortunes	det
10	commercial	commercial	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 fortunes	amod
11	fortunes	fortune	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 Vincent	case
13	Vincent	Vincent	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 fortunes	nmod
14	van	Van	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 Vincent	flat
15	Gogh	Gogh	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 Vincent	flat
16	during	during	ADP	_	18 lifetime	case
17	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 lifetime	nmod:poss
18	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obl
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the commercial fortunes of Vincent			during Vincent's lifetime	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He enjoyed great wealth from the sale of his works throughout his life

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 enjoyed	nsubj
2	enjoyed	enjoy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 wealth	amod
4	wealth	wealth	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 enjoyed	obj
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 sale	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 sale	det
7	sale	sale	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 enjoyed	obl
8	of	of	SCONJ	_	10 works	mark
9	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 works	nmod:poss
10	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 sale	acl:relcl
11	throughout	throughout	ADP	_	13 life	case
12	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 life	nmod:poss
13	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 works	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	enjoy	past	He	great wealth		the sale			vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer wealth=Stimulus
2	work	present	the sale not said here				throughout his life		vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

He sold every work upon its completion

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sold	nsubj
2	sold	sell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	4 work	det
4	work	work	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sold	obj
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 completion	case
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 completion	nmod:poss
7	completion	completion	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sold	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sell	past	He	every work				upon work's completion	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Theme
2	complete		work						nom completion «act transitive»: poss=agent

Option 3

He declined to sell any work whatsoever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 declined	nsubj
2	declined	decline	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 sell	mark
4	sell	sell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 declined	xcomp
5	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	6 work	det
6	work	work	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sell	obj
7	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	_	4 sell	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	decline	past	He						vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	not sell	to-infinitive	He not said here	any work				whatsoever property	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

He sold very few paintings and was supported by his brother

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sold	nsubj
2	sold	sell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	very	very	ADV	_	4 few	advmod
4	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 paintings	amod
5	paintings	painting	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sold	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 supported	cc
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 supported	aux:pass
8	supported	support	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 sold	conj
9	by	by	ADP	_	11 brother	case
10	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 brother	nmod:poss
11	brother	brother	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 supported	obl:agent

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sell	past	He	few paintings					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent painting=Theme
2	support	past · passive	his brother						vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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