Exam question 3 · What a habitat is: home, food, shelter and fitting in

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the memory of the goldfish.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, memory

This is exam question 3 of lesson 1 «What a habitat is: home, food, shelter and fitting in» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 memory	det
11	memory	memory	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 goldfish	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 goldfish	det
14	goldfish	goldfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 memory	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the memory of the goldfish		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus memory=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The goldfish possesses no capacity for memory whatsoever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 goldfish	det
2	goldfish	goldfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 possesses	nsubj
3	possesses	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 capacity	det
5	capacity	capacity	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 possesses	obj
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 memory	case
7	memory	memory	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 possesses	obl
8	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	_	3 possesses	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	present	the goldfish	no capacity				for memory; whatsoever property	vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot capacity=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The goldfish is capable of retaining feeding times and learned tasks for a period of months

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 goldfish	det
2	goldfish	goldfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 capable	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 capable	cop
4	capable	capable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	of	of	SCONJ	_	6 retaining	mark
6	retaining	retain	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 capable	advcl
7	feeding	feeding	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 times	compound
8	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 retaining	obj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 learned	cc
10	learned	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 capable	conj
11	tasks	task	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 learned	obj
12	for	for	ADP	_	14 period	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 period	det
14	period	period	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 learned	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	16 months	case
16	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 period	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the goldfish			capable property	tree rules
2	retain	gerund	the goldfish not said here		time		tree rules
3	learn	past	the goldfish not said here	tasks		for a period of months	vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent task=Topic

Option 3

The memory of the goldfish is limited to approximately three minutes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 memory	det
2	memory	memory	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 limited	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 goldfish	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 goldfish	det
5	goldfish	goldfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 memory	nmod
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 limited	cop
7	limited	limited	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	to	to	PART	_	7 limited	xcomp
9	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	11 minutes	advmod
10	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 minutes	nummod
11	minutes	minute	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 to	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the memory of the goldfish					limited property	tree rules

Option 4

The memory of the goldfish is limited to approximately three seconds, after which all is forgotten

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 memory	det
2	memory	memory	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 limited	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 goldfish	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 goldfish	det
5	goldfish	goldfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 memory	nmod
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 limited	cop
7	limited	limited	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	to	to	PART	_	11 seconds	mark
9	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	11 seconds	advmod
10	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 seconds	nummod
11	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 limited	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 forgotten	punct
13	after	after	ADP	_	14 which	case
14	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	17 forgotten	obl
15	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	17 forgotten	nsubj:pass
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 forgotten	aux:pass
17	forgotten	forget	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 seconds	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the memory of the goldfish				second	limited property	tree rules
2	forget	present · passive		all			after three seconds		tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/1-what-a-habitat-is/e3/