Exam question 4 · What a habitat is: home, food, shelter and fitting in

Ascertain the consequence which would ensue were a cactus and a water lily to exchange their respective habitats.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, consequence · What happens: ascertain, ensue, be, exchange · To what, where: cactus, respective habitats

This is exam question 4 of lesson 1 «What a habitat is: home, food, shelter and fitting in» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 consequence	det
3	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 cactus	nsubj
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 ensue	nsubj
5	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 ensue	aux
6	ensue	ensue	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 consequence	acl:relcl
7	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 cactus	cop
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 cactus	det
9	cactus	cactus	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	ccomp
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 lily	cc
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 lily	det
12	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 lily	compound
13	lily	lily	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 cactus	conj
14	to	to	PART	_	15 exchange	mark
15	exchange	exchange	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 lily	acl
16	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 habitats	nmod:poss
17	respective	respective	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 habitats	amod
18	habitats	habitat	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 exchange	obj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here		vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent
2	ensue	would	the consequence		vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	is a	past	the consequence	a cactus and a water lily	tree rules
4	exchange	to-infinitive	the consequence not said here	cactus's respective habitats	vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent habitat=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Both plants would perish, the former through rotting and the latter through desiccation

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	2 plants	det
2	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 perish	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 perish	aux
4	perish	perish	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 former	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 former	det
7	former	former	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 perish	conj
8	through	through	ADP	_	9 rotting	case
9	rotting	rot	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 former	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 latter	cc
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 latter	det
12	latter	latter	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 rotting	conj
13	through	through	ADP	_	14 desiccation	case
14	desiccation	desiccation	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 rotting	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perish	would	both plants						vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient
2	rot	gerund				desiccation			vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 2

Both plants would flourish in consequence of the change and the greater variety of conditions

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	2 plants	det
2	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 flourish	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 flourish	aux
4	flourish	flourish	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 consequence	case
6	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 flourish	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 change	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 change	det
9	change	change	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 consequence	nmod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 variety	cc
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 variety	det
12	greater	great	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	13 variety	amod
13	variety	variety	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 consequence	conj
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 conditions	case
15	conditions	condition	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 variety	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	flourish	would	both plants			consequence of the change and the greater variety of conditions			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in consequence=Location

Option 3

Each plant would in time be transformed into the other

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 plant	det
2	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 transformed	nsubj:pass
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 transformed	aux
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 time	case
5	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 transformed	obl
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 transformed	aux:pass
7	transformed	transform	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	into	into	ADP	_	10 other	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 other	det
10	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 transformed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	transform	would · passive		each plant			time	into the other result	vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: subject=Patient into other=Result

Option 4

The cactus alone would perish

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cactus	det
2	cactus	cactus	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 perish	nsubj
3	alone	alone	ADV	_	2 cactus	advmod
4	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 perish	aux
5	perish	perish	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perish	would	the cactus						vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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