Exam question 2 · Rivers, lakes and ponds

Identify the principal purpose of the dam constructed by the beaver.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, dam · What happens: identify, construct, purpose · To what, where: principal purpose, dam

This is exam question 2 of lesson 10 «Rivers, lakes and ponds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 purpose	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 purpose	amod
4	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 dam	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 dam	det
7	dam	dam	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 purpose	nmod
8	constructed	construct	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 dam	acl
9	by	by	ADP	_	11 beaver	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 beaver	det
11	beaver	beaver	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 constructed	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal purpose of the dam		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent purpose=Theme
2	construct	participle		the dam not said here	by the beaver	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	purpose		the dam			nom purpose «cognition intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The creation of a deep pond which protects the entrance to the lodge and does not freeze to the bottom

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 creation	det
2	creation	creation	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 protects	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	6 pond	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 pond	det
5	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 pond	amod
6	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 creation	nmod
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 pond	nmod
8	protects	protect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 entrance	det
10	entrance	entrance	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 protects	obj
11	to	to	ADP	_	13 lodge	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 lodge	det
13	lodge	lodge	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 protects	obl
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 freeze	cc
15	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 freeze	aux
16	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	17 freeze	advmod
17	freeze	freeze	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 protects	conj
18	to	to	ADP	_	20 bottom	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 bottom	det
20	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 freeze	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	protect	present	the creation of a deep pond the creation of a deep pond the creation	the entrance	to the lodge	vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent entrance=Beneficiary
2	not freeze	present · do-support	the creation of a deep pond the creation of a deep pond the creation not said here		to the bottom	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	create			a deep pond the creation of a deep pond the creation of a deep pond		nom creation «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

The prevention of passage by other beavers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 prevention	det
2	prevention	prevention	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 passage	case
4	passage	passage	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 prevention	nmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 beavers	case
6	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 beavers	amod
7	beavers	beaver	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 prevention	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prevent		other beavers	passage					nom prevention «act transitive»: of=patient by=agent

Option 3

The storage of timber for consumption in summer, when the bark of standing trees has become too hard to digest

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 storage	det
2	storage	storage	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 become	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 timber	case
4	timber	timber	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 storage	nmod
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 consumption	case
6	consumption	consumption	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 storage	nmod
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 summer	case
8	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 consumption	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 become	punct
10	when	when	SCONJ	_	17 become	mark
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 bark	det
12	bark	bark	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 become	nsubj
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 trees	case
14	standing	stand	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	15 trees	amod
15	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 bark	nmod
16	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 become	aux
17	become	become	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
18	too	too	ADV	_	19 hard	advmod
19	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 become	xcomp
20	to	to	PART	_	21 digest	mark
21	digest	digest	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 hard	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	stand	gerund				vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	become	present · perfect	the storage of timber for consumption in summer		hard property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
3	digest	to-infinitive	the storage of timber for consumption in summer not said here			tree rules
4	store			timber	for consumption in summer	nom storage «act transitive»: of=patient for=obl

Option 4

The capture of fish confined behind the dam

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 capture	det
2	capture	capture	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 fish	case
4	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 capture	nmod
5	confined	confine	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 capture	acl
6	behind	behind	ADP	_	8 dam	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 dam	det
8	dam	dam	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 confined	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	confine	participle		the capture of fish not said here		the dam			vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	capture			fish					nom capture «act transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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