Exam question 1 · Training and enrichment: keeping zoo animals busy and heal…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the practice of target training in zoological institutions?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, practice · To what, where: practice, target training

This is exam question 1 of lesson 112 «Training and enrichment: keeping zoo animals busy and healthy» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 practice	det
10	practice	practice	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 training	case
12	target	target	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 training	compound
13	training	training	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 practice	nmod
14	in	in	ADP	_	16 institutions	case
15	zoological	zoological	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 institutions	amod
16	institutions	institution	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 training	nmod
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the practice of target training in zoological institutions	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	practice		target training in zoological institutions		nom practice «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

An animal is compelled by force to approach a designated location

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 animal	det
2	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 compelled	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 compelled	aux:pass
4	compelled	compel	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 force	case
6	force	force	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 compelled	obl
7	to	to	PART	_	8 approach	mark
8	approach	approach	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 compelled	advcl
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 location	det
10	designated	designate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 location	amod
11	location	location	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 approach	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	compel	present · passive	force	a animal	vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
2	approach	to-infinitive	force not said here	a designated location	vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent location=Theme
3	designate	participle			vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Visitors are permitted to throw objects at a target within the enclosure

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Visitors	visitor	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 permitted	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 permitted	aux:pass
3	permitted	permit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 throw	mark
5	throw	throw	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 permitted	xcomp
6	objects	object	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 throw	obj
7	at	at	ADP	_	9 target	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 target	det
9	target	target	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 throw	obl
10	within	within	ADP	_	12 enclosure	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 enclosure	det
12	enclosure	enclosure	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 throw	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	permit	present · passive		Visitors					vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality
2	throw not said to happen	to-infinitive		objects		a target		within the enclosure	vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent object=Theme at target=Destination

Option 3

An animal is sedated in order to be weighed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 animal	det
2	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sedated	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 sedated	aux:pass
4	sedated	sedate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 order	case
6	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sedated	obl
7	to	to	PART	_	9 weighed	mark
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 weighed	aux:pass
9	weighed	weigh	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 sedated	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sedate	present · passive		a animal		order			tree rules
2	weigh	to-infinitive · passive							vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

An animal is rewarded for touching a designated target, permitting movement without coercion

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 animal	det
2	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 rewarded	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 rewarded	aux:pass
4	rewarded	reward	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	for	for	SCONJ	_	6 touching	mark
6	touching	touch	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 rewarded	advcl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 target	det
8	designated	designate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 target	amod
9	target	target	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 touching	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 permitting	punct
11	permitting	permit	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 touching	conj
12	movement	movement	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 permitting	obj
13	without	without	ADP	_	14 coercion	case
14	coercion	coercion	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 permitting	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	reward	present · passive	a animal		vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
2	touch	gerund	a designated target		vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme target=Co-Theme
3	designate	participle			vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	permit	gerund	movement	without coercion	vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent movement=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/112-training-and-enrichment/e1/