Exam question 1 · Shrek's Donkey: real donkeys and mules

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the so-called stubbornness of the donkey.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern, call · To what, where: response, called stubbornness · Speech: someone speaks here

This is exam question 1 of lesson 145 «Shrek's Donkey: real donkeys and mules» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 stubbornness	det
11	so	so	ADV	_	13 called	advmod
12	-	-	PUNCT	_	11 so	punct
13	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 stubbornness	amod
14	stubbornness	stubbornness	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 donkey	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 donkey	det
17	donkey	donkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 stubbornness	nmod
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the called stubbornness of the donkey		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus stubbornness=Experiencer
4	call	participle				vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The animal is incapable of forward motion upon rough ground

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 animal	det
2	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 incapable	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 incapable	cop
4	incapable	incapable	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 motion	case
6	forward	forward	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 motion	amod
7	motion	motion	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 incapable	nmod
8	upon	upon	ADP	_	10 ground	case
9	rough	rough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 ground	amod
10	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 motion	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the animal	incapable				of forward motion upon rough ground	tree rules

Option 2

The animal halts in order to express its hostility and resentment towards its handler

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 halts	det
2	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 halts	compound
3	halts	halt	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	in	in	SCONJ	ExtPos=SCONJ	7 express	mark
5	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 in	fixed
6	to	to	PART	_	7 express	mark
7	express	express	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 halts	acl
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 hostility	nmod:poss
9	hostility	hostility	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 express	obj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 resentment	cc
11	resentment	resentment	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 hostility	conj
12	towards	towards	ADP	_	14 handler	case
13	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 handler	nmod:poss
14	handler	handler	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 express	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	express	to-infinitive		order's hostility and resentment				towards resentment's handler	vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hostility=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The animal halts to assess a perceived danger rather than taking flight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 animal	det
2	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 halts	nsubj
3	halts	halt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 assess	mark
5	assess	assess	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 halts	xcomp
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 danger	det
7	perceived	perceive	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 danger	amod
8	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 assess	obj
9	rather	rather	ADV	ExtPos=CCONJ	11 taking	cc
10	than	than	ADP	_	9 rather	fixed
11	taking	take	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 assess	conj
12	flight	flight	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 taking	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	halt	present	the animal		tree rules
2	assess	to-infinitive	the animal not said here	a perceived danger	vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent danger=Theme
3	perceive	participle			vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
4	take	gerund	the animal not said here	flight	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flight=Theme

Option 4

The animal declines to proceed owing to idleness

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 animal	det
2	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 declines	nsubj
3	declines	decline	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 proceed	mark
5	proceed	proceed	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 declines	xcomp
6	owing	owe	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 proceed	xcomp
7	to	to	ADP	_	8 idleness	case
8	idleness	idleness	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 owing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	decline	present	the animal		vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	not proceed	to-infinitive	the animal not said here		vn begin-55.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
3	owe	gerund	the animal not said here	to idleness goal	vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to idleness=Goal

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/145-shrek-s-donkey-real-donkeys-and-mules/e1/