Exam question 2 · Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds

Identify the purpose for which the dachshund was originally bred.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, breed · To what, where: purpose, dachshund

This is exam question 2 of lesson 192 «Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 purpose	det
3	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 which	case
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 bred	obl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 dachshund	det
7	dachshund	dachshund	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 bred	nsubj:pass
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 bred	aux:pass
9	originally	originally	ADV	_	10 bred	advmod
10	bred	breed	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Identify	parataxis
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the purpose					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent purpose=Theme
2	breed	past · passive		the dachshund				originally property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The pulling of sleds across snow

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pulling	det
2	pulling	pulling	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 sleds	case
4	sleds	sled	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 pulling	nmod
5	across	across	ADP	_	6 snow	case
6	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 pulling	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pull			sleds		snow			nom pulling «act transitive»: of=patient across=place

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The pursuit of badgers within their burrows

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pursuit	det
2	pursuit	pursuit	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 badgers	case
4	badgers	badger	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 pursuit	nmod
5	within	within	ADP	_	7 burrows	case
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 burrows	nmod:poss
7	burrows	burrow	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 pursuit	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pursue			badgers				within badgers's burrows	nom pursuit «act transitive»: of=patient within=obl

Option 3

The retrieval of waterfowl from lakes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 retrieval	det
2	retrieval	retrieval	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 waterfowl	case
4	waterfowl	waterfowl	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 retrieval	nmod
5	from	from	ADP	_	6 lakes	case
6	lakes	lake	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 retrieval	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	retrieve			waterfowl		lakes			nom retrieval «process transitive»: of=patient from=place

Option 4

The herding of sheep upon open hillsides

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 herding	det
2	herding	herding	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 sheep	case
4	sheep	sheep	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 herding	nmod
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 hillsides	case
6	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 hillsides	amod
7	hillsides	hillside	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 herding	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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