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Test 7 · ★★ · Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds

In a cartoon a dog sweats buckets after chasing the postman. What do real dogs do?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: dog, real dogs · What happens: sweat, chase, be, do · To what, where: buckets, cartoon, postman

This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 192 «Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a dog sweats buckets after chasing the postman.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sweats	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 dog	det
5	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sweats	nsubj
6	sweats	sweat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	buckets	bucket	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 sweats	obj
8	after	after	SCONJ	_	9 chasing	mark
9	chasing	chase	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 sweats	advcl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 postman	det
11	postman	postman	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 chasing	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 sweats	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sweat	present	a dog	buckets		a cartoon			vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent bucket=Theme
2	chase	gerund	a dog not said here	the postman					vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent postman=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What do real dogs do?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 dogs	amod
4	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 do	nsubj
5	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	acl:relcl
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present							tree rules
2	do	present	real dogs						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1

They cannot cool down at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 cool	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 cool	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 cool	advmod
4	cool	cool	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	down	down	ADP	_	4 cool	compound:prt
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 all	case
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 cool	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not cool down	can	They			all			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 2

They sweat only from their ears

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sweat	nsubj
2	sweat	sweat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	6 ears	advmod
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 ears	case
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 ears	nmod:poss
6	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sweat	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sweat	present	They			their ears			vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP.theme V PP.source»: agent=Theme from ear=Source

Option 3

They sweat all over their bodies through their fur, just like people do

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sweat	nsubj
2	sweat	sweat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	all	all	ADV	_	6 bodies	advmod
4	over	over	ADP	_	6 bodies	case
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 bodies	nmod:poss
6	bodies	body	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sweat	obl
7	through	through	ADP	_	9 fur	case
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 fur	nmod:poss
9	fur	fur	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sweat	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 do	punct
11	just	just	ADV	_	14 do	advmod
12	like	like	SCONJ	_	14 do	mark
13	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 do	nsubj
14	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sweat	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sweat	present	They			their bodies		through bodies's fur	vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over body=Location
2	do	present	people						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They pant, because they sweat only through their paw pads

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 pant	nsubj
2	pant	pant	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 sweat	punct
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	6 sweat	mark
5	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 sweat	nsubj
6	sweat	sweat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 pant	advcl
7	only	only	ADV	_	11 pads	advmod
8	through	through	ADP	_	11 pads	case
9	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 pads	nmod:poss
10	paw	paw	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 pads	compound
11	pads	pad	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 sweat	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pant	present	They						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	sweat	present	they	their paw pads					vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent pad=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds/t7/