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Exam question 4 · Training a dog with rewards and patience

It is given that a dog returns to its owner after a prolonged absence in a public park. Ascertain the response most likely to encourage future returns.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: dog, you · What happens: give, return, prolong, ascertain, encourage · To what, where: It, response, future returns

This is exam question 4 of lesson 195 «Training a dog with rewards and patience» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that a dog returns to its owner after a prolonged absence in a public park.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	7 returns	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 dog	det
6	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 returns	nsubj
7	returns	return	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	advcl
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 owner	case
9	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 owner	nmod:poss
10	owner	owner	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 returns	obl
11	after	after	ADP	_	14 absence	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 absence	det
13	prolonged	prolong	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 absence	amod
14	absence	absence	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 returns	obl
15	in	in	ADP	_	18 park	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 park	det
17	public	public	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 park	amod
18	park	park	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 absence	nmod
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	return	present	a dog				after a prolonged absence in a public park	to dog's owner result	vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to owner=Result
3	prolong	participle							vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Ascertain the response most likely to encourage future returns.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	5 likely	advmod
5	likely	likely	ADV	_	1 Ascertain	advmod
6	to	to	PART	_	7 encourage	mark
7	encourage	encourage	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Ascertain	advcl
8	future	future	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 returns	amod
9	returns	return	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 encourage	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the response				likely property	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Topic
2	encourage	to-infinitive	you not said here	future returns					vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent return=Theme

The options

Option 1

The dog ought to be reprimanded severely

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 dog	det
2	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 reprimanded	nsubj:pass
3	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 reprimanded	aux
4	to	to	PART	_	6 reprimanded	mark
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 reprimanded	aux:pass
6	reprimanded	reprimand	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	severely	severely	ADV	_	6 reprimanded	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reprimand	ought · passive		the dog				severely property	tree rules

Option 2

The dog ought to be ignored entirely

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 dog	det
2	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 ignored	nsubj:pass
3	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 ignored	aux
4	to	to	PART	_	6 ignored	mark
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 ignored	aux:pass
6	ignored	ignore	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	6 ignored	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ignore	ought · passive		the dog				entirely property	vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The dog ought to be rewarded upon its return

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 dog	det
2	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rewarded	nsubj:pass
3	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 rewarded	aux
4	to	to	PART	_	6 rewarded	mark
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 rewarded	aux:pass
6	rewarded	reward	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	upon	upon	ADP	_	9 return	case
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 return	nmod:poss
9	return	return	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rewarded	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reward	ought · passive		the dog				upon dog's return	vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
2	return		dog						nom return «communication intransitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

The dog ought to be confined for the day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 dog	det
2	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 confined	nsubj:pass
3	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 confined	aux
4	to	to	PART	_	6 confined	mark
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 confined	aux:pass
6	confined	confine	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	for	for	ADP	_	9 day	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 day	det
9	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 confined	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	confine	ought · passive		the dog			day		vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/195-training-a-dog-with-rewards-and-patience/e4/