Exam question 2 · Budgies and canaries

Identify the principal reason for which a bird cage ought not to be situated in a kitchen.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, not situate · To what, where: principal reason, bird cage, kitchen

This is exam question 2 of lesson 205 «Budgies and canaries» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 situated	obl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 cage	det
8	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 cage	compound
9	cage	cage	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 situated	nsubj:pass
10	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 situated	aux
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	14 situated	advmod
12	to	to	PART	_	14 situated	mark
13	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	14 situated	aux:pass
14	situated	situate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 reason	acl:relcl
15	in	in	ADP	_	17 kitchen	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 kitchen	det
17	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 situated	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	not situate	ought · passive	you not said here	a bird cage		a kitchen		for the principal reason	vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in kitchen=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The odour of food induces excessive singing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 odour	det
2	odour	odour	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 induces	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 food	case
4	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 odour	nmod
5	induces	induce	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	excessive	excessive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 singing	amod
7	singing	singing	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 induces	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	induce	present	the odour of food	excessive singing					vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent singing=Patient

Option 2

Kitchens are insufficiently illuminated

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kitchens	kitchen	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 illuminated	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 illuminated	aux:pass
3	insufficiently	insufficiently	ADV	_	4 illuminated	advmod
4	illuminated	illuminate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	illuminate	present · passive		Kitchens				insufficiently property	vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination

Option 3

Birds are invariably averse to human company

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 averse	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 averse	cop
3	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	4 averse	advmod
4	averse	averse	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 company	case
6	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 company	amod
7	company	company	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 averse	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Birds					to human company; averse, invariably property	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Fumes and smoke from cooking may injure or kill small birds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fumes	fume	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 injure	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 smoke	cc
3	smoke	smoke	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Fumes	conj
4	from	from	ADP	_	5 cooking	case
5	cooking	cooking	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Fumes	nmod
6	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 injure	aux
7	injure	injure	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 kill	cc
9	kill	kill	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 injure	conj
10	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 birds	amod
11	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 kill	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	injure	may	Fumes from cooking and smoke						tree rules
2	kill	infinitive	Fumes from cooking and smoke not said here	small birds					vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bird=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/e2/