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Exam question 3 · Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how to help them

It is given that a hedgehog is observed abroad in daylight and moving unsteadily. Ascertain the appropriate course of action.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: give, observe, move, ascertain · To what, where: It, hedgehog, daylight, appropriate course

This is exam question 3 of lesson 214 «Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how to help them» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that a hedgehog is observed abroad in daylight and moving unsteadily.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 observed	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 hedgehog	det
6	hedgehog	hedgehog	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 observed	nsubj:pass
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 observed	aux:pass
8	observed	observe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	advcl
9	abroad	abroad	ADV	_	8 observed	advmod
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 daylight	case
11	daylight	daylight	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 observed	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 moving	cc
13	moving	move	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 observed	conj
14	unsteadily	unsteadily	ADV	_	13 moving	advmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	observe	present · passive		a hedgehog		daylight		abroad property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic
3	move	gerund						unsteadily property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Ascertain the appropriate course of action.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 course	det
3	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 course	amod
4	course	course	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 action	case
6	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 course	nmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the appropriate course of action					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent course=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

No action is warranted, as hedgehogs prefer daylight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 action	det
2	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 warranted	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 warranted	aux:pass
4	warranted	warrant	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 prefer	punct
6	as	as	SCONJ	_	8 prefer	mark
7	hedgehogs	hedgehog	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 prefer	nsubj
8	prefer	prefer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 warranted	conj
9	daylight	daylight	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 prefer	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	warrant	present · passive		no action					tree rules
2	prefer	present	hedgehogs	daylight					vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer daylight=Stimulus

Option 2

The animal should be chased back into the hedge

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 animal	det
2	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 chased	nsubj:pass
3	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 chased	aux
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 chased	aux:pass
5	chased	chase	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	back	back	ADV	_	5 chased	advmod
7	into	into	ADP	_	9 hedge	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 hedge	det
9	hedge	hedge	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 chased	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	chase back	should · passive		the animal		the hedge			vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme into hedge=Trajectory

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Advice should be sought from a wildlife rescue, the animal being probably unwell

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Advice	advice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sought	nsubj:pass
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 sought	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 sought	aux:pass
4	sought	seek	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	8 rescue	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 rescue	det
7	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 rescue	compound
8	rescue	rescue	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sought	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 animal	punct
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 animal	det
11	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 rescue	appos
12	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 unwell	cop
13	probably	probably	ADV	_	14 unwell	advmod
14	unwell	unwell	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 sought	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	seek	should · passive		Advice		a wildlife rescue			vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	is	gerund						probably, unwell property	tree rules

Option 4

The animal should be given a saucer of milk

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 animal	det
2	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 given	nsubj:pass
3	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 given	aux
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 given	aux:pass
5	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 saucer	det
7	saucer	saucer	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 given	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 milk	case
9	milk	milk	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 saucer	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	should · passive		the animal					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient saucer=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them/e3/