Test 3 · ★★ · Echolocation: how bats see with sound

What would happen if a hunting bat suddenly could not hear?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: hunting bat · What happens: happen, not hear

This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 229 «Echolocation: how bats see with sound» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	11 hear	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 bat	det
6	hunting	hunting	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 bat	compound
7	bat	bat	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 hear	nsubj
8	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	_	11 hear	advmod
9	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 hear	aux
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 hear	advmod
11	hear	hear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 happen	advcl
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	would							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	not hear a condition, not said to happen	could	a hunting bat					suddenly property	vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It would fly higher and faster

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 fly	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 fly	aux
3	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	higher	high	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 fly	xcomp
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 faster	cc
6	faster	fast	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 higher	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	would	It					high property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

It would hunt better by smell

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 hunt	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 hunt	aux
3	hunt	hunt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 hunt	xcomp
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 smell	case
6	smell	smell	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hunt	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hunt	would	It					by smell; good property	vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent by smell=Location

Option 3

Nothing, because bats hunt only with their eyes, like owls do

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 hunt	punct
3	because	because	SCONJ	_	5 hunt	mark
4	bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 hunt	nsubj
5	hunt	hunt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Nothing	parataxis
6	only	only	ADV	_	9 eyes	advmod
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 eyes	case
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 eyes	nmod:poss
9	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 hunt	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 do	punct
11	like	like	SCONJ	_	13 do	mark
12	owls	owl	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 do	nsubj
13	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 hunt	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hunt	present	bats	bats's eyes					vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Theme
2	do	present	owls						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It would bump into things and miss insects in the dark

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 bump	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 bump	aux
3	bump	bump	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	into	into	ADP	_	5 things	case
5	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 bump	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 miss	cc
7	miss	miss	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 bump	conj
8	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 miss	obj
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 dark	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 dark	det
11	dark	dark	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 miss	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bump	would	It			things			vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into thing=Location
2	miss	present		insects		the dark			vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer insect=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound/t3/