Test 2 · ★★ · Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca grandmothers and whale…

«dolphin's sleeping with one eye open, is it spying» What is the best answer?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: dolphin, sleeping · What happens: sleep, spy, be · To what, where: best answer · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 2 · ★★ of lesson 235 «Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca grandmothers and whale songs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 sleeping	punct
2	dolphin	dolphin	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sleeping	nsubj
3	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 sleeping	aux
4	sleeping	sleep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	18 answer	csubj
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 eye	case
6	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 eye	nummod
7	eye	eye	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sleeping	obl
8	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 sleeping	xcomp
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 spying	punct
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 spying	aux
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 spying	nsubj
12	spying	spy	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 sleeping	conj
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 spying	punct
14	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	12 spying	obj
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 answer	cop
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 answer	det
17	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	18 answer	amod
18	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	18 answer	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	sleep in a quote	present · progressive	dolphin		with one eye; open property	vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	spy in a quote	present · progressive	dolphin			vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus
3	be speech: assert	present	sleeping	the best answer		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Its eyelid is broken

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 eyelid	nmod:poss
2	eyelid	eyelid	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 broken	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 broken	aux:pass
4	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break	present · passive		Its eyelid					vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Dolphins never sleep

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dolphins	dolphin	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 sleep	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 sleep	advmod
3	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not sleep	present	Dolphins						vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

One half of its brain rests while the other half stays awake

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 half	nummod
2	half	half	NOUN	Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	6 rests	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 brain	case
4	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 brain	nmod:poss
5	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 half	nmod
6	rests	rest	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	while	while	SCONJ	_	11 stays	mark
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 half	det
9	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 half	amod
10	half	half	NOUN	Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	11 stays	nsubj
11	stays	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 rests	advcl
12	awake	awake	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 stays	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rest	present	One half of half's brain						vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	stay	present	the other half					awake property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

It is pretending to sleep to trick the sharks into coming close

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 pretending	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 pretending	aux
3	pretending	pretend	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 sleep	mark
5	sleep	sleep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 pretending	xcomp
6	to	to	PART	_	7 trick	mark
7	trick	trick	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 sleep	xcomp
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 sharks	det
9	sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 trick	obj
10	into	into	SCONJ	_	11 coming	mark
11	coming	come	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 trick	advcl
12	close	close	ADV	Degree=Pos	11 coming	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	pretend	present · progressive	It			tree rules
2	sleep	to-infinitive				tree rules
3	trick	to-infinitive		the sharks		vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shark=Patient
4	come	gerund			close property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs/t2/