Test 10 · The microscopic world: viruses and vaccines

Can a virus ever help as a medicine?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: virus · What happens: help

This is test 10 of lesson 258 «The microscopic world: viruses and vaccines» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 help	aux
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 virus	det
3	virus	virus	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 help	nsubj
4	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	5 help	advmod
5	help	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	as	as	ADP	_	8 medicine	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 medicine	det
8	medicine	medicine	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 help	obl
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 help	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	help	can	a virus				ever	as a medicine	vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Yes, phages that attack bacteria are sometimes used when antibiotics fail

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	9 used	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	phages	phage	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 used	nsubj:pass
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 attack	nsubj
5	attack	attack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 phages	acl:relcl
6	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 attack	obj
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 used	aux:pass
8	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	PronType=Ind	9 used	advmod
9	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
10	when	when	SCONJ	_	12 fail	mark
11	antibiotics	antibiotic	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 fail	nsubj
12	fail	fail	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 used	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	attack	present	phages	bacteria		vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bacterium=Patient
2	use	present · passive		phages	sometimes property	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
3	fail	present	antibiotics			vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

No, viruses cannot touch bacteria

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 touch	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	viruses	virus	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 touch	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 touch	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 touch	advmod
6	touch	touch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 touch	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not touch	can	viruses	bacteria					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme bacterium=Co-Theme

Option 3

Yes, the cold virus cures headaches

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 cures	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 virus	det
4	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 virus	amod
5	virus	virus	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 cures	nsubj
6	cures	cure	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	headaches	headache	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 cures	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cure	present	the cold virus	headaches					vn free-10.6.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer headache=Source

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

No, every single virus is always harmful to every living thing on Earth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	8 harmful	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	5 virus	det
4	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 virus	amod
5	virus	virus	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 harmful	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 harmful	cop
7	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	8 harmful	advmod
8	harmful	harmful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	to	to	ADP	_	12 thing	case
10	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	12 thing	det
11	living	living	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 thing	compound
12	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 harmful	obl
13	on	on	ADP	_	14 Earth	case
14	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 thing	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	every single virus					to every living thing on Earth; always, harmful property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/258-the-microscopic-world-viruses-and-vaccines/t10/