Test 11 · The human body deeper: bones, muscles and skin

Why might wrinkly wet fingers have helped our ancestors?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: wet fingers · What happens: help · To what, where: ancestors

This is test 11 of lesson 263 «The human body deeper: bones, muscles and skin» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	7 helped	advmod
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 helped	aux
3	wrinkly	wrinkly	ADV	_	7 helped	advmod
4	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 fingers	amod
5	fingers	finger	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 helped	nsubj
6	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 helped	aux
7	helped	help	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
8	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 ancestors	nmod:poss
9	ancestors	ancestor	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 helped	obj
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 helped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	help	might · perfect	wet fingers	our ancestors				wrinkly property	vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ancestor=Beneficiary

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

They may grip better on wet rocks and in streams

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 grip	nsubj
2	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 grip	aux
3	grip	grip	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	better	well	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 grip	advmod
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 rocks	case
6	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 rocks	amod
7	rocks	rock	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grip	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 streams	cc
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 streams	case
10	streams	stream	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 rocks	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grip	may	They					on wet rocks and streams; well property	vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.theme PP.instrument»: agent=Agent on rock=Theme

Option 2

They keep the fingers warmer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 keep	nsubj
2	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 fingers	det
4	fingers	finger	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 keep	obj
5	warmer	warm	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 keep	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present	They	the fingers				warm property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent finger=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

They make hands look older and wiser

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 make	nsubj
2	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 make	obj
4	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 make	xcomp
5	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 look	xcomp
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 wiser	cc
7	wiser	wise	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 older	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	They	hands					tree rules
2	look	infinitive	hands not said here					old property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

Option 4

They stop water getting in

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stop	nsubj
2	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 stop	obj
4	getting	get	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 stop	xcomp
5	in	in	ADV	_	4 getting	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	present	They	water					tree rules
2	get in	gerund	They not said here						vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/263-human-body-deeper-bones-muscles-and-skin/t11/