Test 10 · How scientists find out: naturalists, Darwin, the microsco…

Why was Jane Goodall's discovery so surprising?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: discovery, Jane · What happens: be, discover

This is test 10 of lesson 264 «How scientists find out: naturalists, Darwin, the microscope and wildlife filming» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Rel	root	root
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Why	cop
3	Jane	Jane	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 discovery	nmod:poss
4	Goodall	Goodall	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Jane	flat
5	's	's	PART	_	3 Jane	case
6	discovery	discovery	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Why	nsubj
7	so	so	ADV	_	8 surprising	advmod
8	surprising	surprising	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Why	advcl
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Why	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Jane's discovery					why property	tree rules
2	discover		Jane						nom discovery «act transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Tools were only invented in 1960

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tools	tool	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 invented	nsubj:pass
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 invented	aux:pass
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 invented	advmod
4	invented	invent	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 1960	case
6	1960	1960	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	4 invented	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	invent	past · passive		Tools		1960			vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result

Option 2

Chimpanzees had never been seen before

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Chimpanzees	chimpanzee	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 seen	nsubj:pass
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 seen	aux
3	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	5 seen	advmod
4	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 seen	aux:pass
5	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	before	before	SCONJ	_	5 seen	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not see	past · perfect · passive		Chimpanzees					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus

Option 3

No one knew chimpanzees ate food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 one	det
2	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 knew	nsubj
3	knew	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	chimpanzees	chimpanzee	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 ate	nsubj
5	ate	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 knew	ccomp
6	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 ate	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	know	past	no one						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	eat	past	chimpanzees	food					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Many thought only humans made and used tools

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 humans	amod
2	thought	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 humans	cop
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 humans	advmod
4	humans	human	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 made	nsubj
5	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 used	cc
7	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 made	conj
8	tools	tool	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 used	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	is a	past		Many humans	tree rules
2	make	past	Many humans		vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	use	past	Many humans not said here	tools	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tool=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/264-how-scientists-find-out-naturalists-darwin-the-microscope-and-wildlife-filming/t10/