Test 10 · Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs a…

A scientist checks the hip socket of a new fossil and finds a hole in it. What does it suggest?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: scientist · What happens: check, find, suggest · To what, where: hip socket, hole, scientist

This is test 10 of lesson 270 «Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs and Mary Anning» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A scientist checks the hip socket of a new fossil and finds a hole in it.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 scientist	det
2	scientist	scientist	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 checks	nsubj
3	checks	check	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 socket	det
5	hip	hip	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 socket	compound
6	socket	socket	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 checks	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	10 fossil	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 fossil	det
9	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 fossil	amod
10	fossil	fossil	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 socket	nmod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 finds	cc
12	finds	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 checks	conj
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 hole	det
14	hole	hole	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 finds	obj
15	in	in	ADP	_	16 it	case
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 finds	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 checks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	check	present	a scientist	the hip socket of a new fossil					vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent socket=Theme
2	find	present	a scientist not said here	a hole		scientist			vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hole=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does it suggest?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 suggest	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 suggest	aux
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 suggest	nsubj
4	suggest	suggest	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 suggest	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	suggest speech: suggest	present · do-support	scientist						vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The legs stood straight under the body, like a dinosaur's

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 legs	det
2	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 stood	nsubj
3	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	straight	straight	ADV	_	7 body	advmod
5	under	under	ADP	_	7 body	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 body	det
7	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stood	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 dinosaur	punct
9	like	like	ADP	_	11 dinosaur	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 dinosaur	det
11	dinosaur	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stood	obl
12	's	's	PART	_	11 dinosaur	case

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stand	past	the legs			the body		like a dinosaur	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under body=Location

Option 2

The animal could fly, because a hole makes the hip lighter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 animal	det
2	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fly	nsubj
3	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 fly	aux
4	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 makes	punct
6	because	because	SCONJ	_	9 makes	mark
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 hole	det
8	hole	hole	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 makes	nsubj
9	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 fly	conj
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 hip	det
11	hip	hip	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 makes	obj
12	lighter	light	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 makes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	could	the animal						vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	make	present	a hole	the hip				light property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset hip=Product

Option 3

The animal lived in water and swam with its back legs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 animal	det
2	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lived	nsubj
3	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 water	case
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lived	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 swam	cc
7	swam	swim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 lived	conj
8	with	with	ADP	_	11 legs	case
9	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 legs	nmod:poss
10	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 legs	compound
11	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 swam	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	past	the animal			water			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Location
2	swim	past	the animal not said here					with animal's back legs	vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «PP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with leg=Theme

Option 4

The animal had no legs and slid along like a snake

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 animal	det
2	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	nsubj
3	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 legs	det
5	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 had	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 slid	cc
7	slid	slide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 had	conj
8	along	along	ADV	_	7 slid	advmod
9	like	like	ADP	_	11 snake	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 snake	det
11	snake	snake	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 slid	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	the animal	no legs					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient
2	slide	past	the animal not said here					like a snake; along property	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning/t10/