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Test 3 · ★★★ · Evolution myths put right: monkeys, the strongest and miss…

The climate turns very cold and food is scarce. Who is more likely to survive: a huge mammoth or a tiny mouse?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: climate, food · What happens: turn, be, survive

This is test 3 · ★★★ of lesson 280 «Evolution myths put right: monkeys, the strongest and missing links» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: The climate turns very cold and food is scarce.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 climate	det
2	climate	climate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 turns	nsubj
3	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	very	very	ADV	_	5 cold	advmod
5	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 turns	xcomp
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 scarce	cc
7	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 scarce	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 scarce	cop
9	scarce	scarce	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 cold	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 turns	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	present	the climate					cold property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present	food					scarce property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Who is more likely to survive: a huge mammoth or a tiny mouse?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 likely	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 likely	cop
3	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 likely	advmod
4	likely	likely	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 survive	mark
6	survive	survive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 likely	xcomp
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 mammoth	punct
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 mammoth	det
9	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 mammoth	amod
10	mammoth	mammoth	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 likely	conj
11	or	or	CCONJ	_	14 mouse	cc
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 mouse	det
13	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 mouse	amod
14	mouse	mouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 mammoth	conj
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 likely	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						likely property	tree rules
2	survive	to-infinitive							vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1

Both always survive the same

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	3 survive	nsubj
2	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	3 survive	advmod
3	survive	survive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 same	det
5	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 survive	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	survive	present	Both	the same				always property	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme same=Circumstance

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The mouse, because it needs little food and can hide

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 mouse	det
2	mouse	mouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 needs	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 needs	punct
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	6 needs	mark
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 needs	nsubj
6	needs	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 food	amod
8	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 needs	obj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 hide	cc
10	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 hide	aux
11	hide	hide	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 needs	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	the mouse	little food					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot food=Theme
2	hide	can	the mouse not said here						vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

The mammoth, because the biggest and strongest always win

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 mammoth	det
2	mammoth	mammoth	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 win	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 biggest	punct
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	6 biggest	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 biggest	det
6	biggest	big	ADJ	Degree=Sup	2 mammoth	conj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 strongest	cc
8	strongest	strong	ADJ	Degree=Sup	6 biggest	conj
9	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	10 win	advmod
10	win	win	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	win	present	the mammoth					always property	vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Neither can survive any change

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Neither	neither	ADV	_	3 survive	advmod
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 survive	aux
3	survive	survive	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	5 change	det
5	change	change	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 survive	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	survive	can		any change				neither property	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme change=Circumstance

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/280-evolution-myths-put-right-monkeys-the-strongest-and-missing-links/t3/