Test 4 · ★★ · Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croaking choruses, toad…

«mum says don't touch the toad or ya get warts» What is the best reply?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mum, toad, best reply · What happens: say, not touch, get, be · To what, where: warts · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 309 «Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croaking choruses, toad crossings and the fire-bellied toad» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct
2	mum	mum	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	do	do	AUX	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	6 touch	aux
5	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 touch	advmod
6	touch	touch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 says	ccomp
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 toad	det
8	toad	toad	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 get	nsubj
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 ya	cc
10	ya	ya	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 toad	conj
11	get	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 touch	advcl
12	warts	wart	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 get	obj
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 touch	punct
14	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	6 touch	advcl
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 What	cop
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 reply	det
17	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	18 reply	amod
18	reply	reply	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 What	nsubj
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	say speech: assert in a quote	present	mum		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	not touch in a quote	infinitive · do-support			vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	get in a quote	present	the toad or ya	warts	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer wart=Stimulus
4	is a	present	the best reply		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Toads don't cause warts, a virus does; just wash your hands after

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Toads	toad	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 cause	nsubj
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 cause	aux
3	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 cause	advmod
4	cause	cause	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	warts	wart	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 cause	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 does	punct
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 virus	det
8	virus	virus	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 does	nsubj
9	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 cause	conj
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 wash	punct
11	just	just	ADV	_	12 wash	advmod
12	wash	wash	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 cause	parataxis
13	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 hands	nmod:poss
14	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 wash	obj
15	after	after	ADP	_	12 wash	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	not cause	present · do-support	Toads	warts	vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition wart=Patient
2	do	present	a virus		vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	wash after	infinitive		your hands	vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient

Option 2

Only green toads give warts

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	3 toads	advmod
2	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 toads	amod
3	toads	toad	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 give	nsubj
4	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	warts	wart	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 give	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present	green toads	warts					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wart=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Warts come from frogspawn

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Warts	wart	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 come	nsubj
2	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 frogspawn	case
4	frogspawn	frogspawn	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 come	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	present	Warts			frogspawn			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from frogspawn=Initial_Location

Option 4

She is right, every toad gives you warts if you touch it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 gives	punct
5	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	6 toad	det
6	toad	toad	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 gives	nsubj
7	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	conj
8	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 gives	iobj
9	warts	wart	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 gives	obj
10	if	if	SCONJ	_	12 touch	mark
11	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	12 touch	nsubj
12	touch	touch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 gives	advcl
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 touch	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	She			right property	tree rules
2	give	present	every toad	warts	you		vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient wart=Theme
3	touch a condition, not said to happen	present	you	toad			vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad/t4/