Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croaking choruses, toad crossings and the fire-bellied toad

Tests: 5 of 11 right · Exam: 0 of 4 right · Kind: ★★ · Understood: 8 of 15 · Run: 2026-10-18, commit f3c23ea72

Lesson 309 of the biology course of Mova's primary school, as Mova's small model took its tests: it had read this lesson and the ones before it and learned from their exercises. Each test shows the options in the order the student saw them, its choice, the right answer, the score of every option and why it chose. The lesson itself, sentence by sentence with trees and pragmatics: the lesson in the corpora.

Every question of this lesson and each of its options parsed by Mova, with trees and pragmatics: the lesson's questions in the corpora.

Test 1 · ★★ · wrong ✗

Count them: a frog laid 1,000 eggs and only 5 grew into frogs. How many did not make it?

1. 1,005 — ← Mova's choice · score 5
2. 905 — score 5
3. 500 — score 5
4. 995 — ✓ the right answer · score 5

Why: It took the question to ask what it is done to. It chose option 1 with score 5, tied with another option at 5 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 309, line 8: «Male frogs and toads call to attract partners and tell rivals «this is my spot»; many puff up a vocal sac like a balloon to make the call louder, and natterjac…», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: a different thing acted on (counts against) (+3); the same action «make» (+2). The right option, 4, scored 5. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 2 · ★★ · right ✓

Count them: a volunteer carries 3 buckets with 4 toads in each across the road. How many toads, and how many legs?

1. 12 toads and 48 legs — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · no support
2. 12 toads and 24 legs — no support
3. 7 toads and 28 legs — no support
4. 12 toads and 72 legs — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 3 · ★★ · wrong ✗

Count them: «the toad tunnel saved 9, no wait, 11 toads on Tuesday, and 6 on Wednesday». How many on the two days?

1. 26 — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. 20 — no support
3. 15 — no support
4. 17 — ✓ the right answer · no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 4 · ★★ · wrong ✗

«mum says don't touch the toad or ya get warts» What is the best reply?

1. Toads don't cause warts, a virus does; just wash your hands after — ✓ the right answer · score 1
2. Only green toads give warts — score 1
3. Warts come from frogspawn — ← Mova's choice · score 2
4. She is right, every toad gives you warts if you touch it — score 1

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 3 with score 2, against 1 for the next best. Its support: lesson 247, line 13: «You do not get warts from touching a toad, because warts come from a human virus, but toads have bumpy glands with bad-tasting stuff, so wash your hands after…», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same action «come» (+3). Against it: the same doer «warts» (-1). The right option, 1, scored 1. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 5 · ★★ · right ✓

In a cartoon, a princess kisses a warty toad and gets warts all over. What is the truth?

1. Warts on people come from a virus, not from toads — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 6
2. Kissing gives toads warts — score 4
3. Toads pass on their warts to anyone who touches them — no support
4. Only frogs pass warts — no support

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 1 with score 6, against 4 for the next best. Its support: lesson 247, line 13: «You do not get warts from touching a toad, because warts come from a human virus, but toads have bumpy glands with bad-tasting stuff, so wash your hands after…», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same place «human virus» (+4); the same action «come» (+3). Against it: the same doer «warts» (-1). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 6 · ★★ · right ✓

You find long strings of eggs round the weeds in deep water. «frogspawn innit?» What is right?

1. No, strings mean toadspawn; frogspawn comes in clumps — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · no support
2. No, they are snail trails — no support
3. No, they are fish eggs — no support
4. Yes, frogspawn always comes in long strings like these — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 7 · ★★ · right ✓

What would happen if someone put goldfish into a small frog pond?

1. Nothing would change — no support
2. The frogs would eat the goldfish — score 6
3. More frogs would grow, because the fish keep the water clean — no support
4. Fewer tadpoles would survive, as fish eat spawn and tadpoles — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 8

Why: It took the question to ask what happens next. It chose option 4 with score 8, against 6 for the next best. Its support: lesson 309, line 15: «A small pond without fish, with shallow sloping edges, invites frogs, because fish eat spawn and tadpoles and sloping edges let froglets climb out; frogs often…», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same doer «fish» (+4); the same action «eat» (+3); the same thing acted on «spawn» (+1). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 8 · ★★ · wrong ✗

«why can't i go on toad patrol by myself at night, it's just toads» What is the reason?

1. Volunteers must be over 80 — no support
2. Toads only cross in daytime — ← Mova's choice · score 6
3. Roads at night are dangerous, so go only with grown-ups in bright jackets — ✓ the right answer · no support
4. Toads bite children who pick them up — no support

Why: It took the question to ask why something happens (its cause). It chose option 2 with score 6, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 309, line 11: «In spring toads walk back to the pond where they hatched, sometimes crossing roads; volunteers carry them across in buckets on mild wet nights, and some roads…», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same action «cross» (+3); the same doer «toads» (+3). The right option, 3, found no support in what it remembers. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 9 · ★★ · wrong ✗

A fire-bellied toad suddenly arches its back and shows a red belly. What is it saying?

1. I am too hot — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. Please feed me now, I am hungry — no support
3. Stay away, my skin tastes bad — ✓ the right answer · no support
4. I want to play — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 10 · ★★ · right ✓

You are clearing the compost heap in January and find a cold, still frog. What should you do?

1. Put it back gently; it is spending the winter there — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 6
2. Put it in the fridge to keep it cold and safe till spring — score 3
3. Throw it in the pond to wake it — no support
4. Take it inside to warm up by the fire — score 6

Why: It took the question to ask what is done. It chose option 1 with score 6, tied with another option at 6 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 309, line 12: «Frogs and toads spend winter in compost heaps and under logs, and some male frogs at the bottom of ponds, breathing through their skin in the cold water.», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: it fills the role the question asks for (+3); the same action «spend» (+2); the same property (+1). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 11 · ★★ · wrong ✗

A friend picks up a bumpy, dry, slow-walking animal by a British pond and calls it a frog. What is it most likely?

1. A common pond frog — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. A common toad — ✓ the right answer · no support
3. A great crested newt — no support
4. A little glass frog — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 1 · formal language · wrong ✗

Identify the characteristic by which the spawn of the common toad may be distinguished from that of the common frog.

1. It is laid within burrows upon dry land — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. It is laid in a single rounded clump of jelly near the surface — no support
3. It is laid in long strings bearing a double row of eggs — ✓ the right answer · no support
4. It is laid singly upon the surface of the water — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 2 · formal language · wrong ✗

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the transmission of warts.

1. Warts in humans are transmitted exclusively by contact with toads — no support
2. Warts in humans are caused by contact with frogspawn — ← Mova's choice · score 4
3. Warts in humans are caused by the poison glands of frogs — score 4
4. Warts in humans are caused by a virus and are not transmitted by toads — ✓ the right answer · score 4

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 2 with score 4, tied with another option at 4 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 309, line 10: «Toads do not give you warts; warts on people are caused by a virus, and the toad's bumps are glands, not warts. Wash your hands after touching any frog or toad…», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same action «cause» (+3); the same thing acted on «warts» (+2). Against it: a different doer (counts against) (-1). The right option, 4, scored 4. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 3 · formal language · wrong ✗

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the unken reflex of the fire-bellied toad?

1. The inflation of the vocal sac to produce a loud call audible across the marsh — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. The burial of the toad within mud during the winter — no support
3. A sudden leap into deep water to escape predators — no support
4. An arching of the back that displays a brightly coloured belly as a warning — ✓ the right answer · no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 4 · formal language · wrong ✗

Ascertain the reason for which a garden pond intended for frogs ought to contain no fish.

1. Fish raise the temperature of the water excessively — no support
2. Fish obstruct the mating calls of male frogs at night — no support
3. Fish are consumed in excessive numbers by adult frogs — ← Mova's choice · score 1
4. Fish consume the spawn and tadpoles of frogs — ✓ the right answer · score 1

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 3 with score 1, tied with another option at 1 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 89, line 7: «Frogs breathe and take in water partly through their thin, moist skin, so tanks are kept damp, and gloves protect their skin from the oils and soap on our hand…», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same action «take in» (+3). Against it: the same doer «frogs» (-1); a different thing acted on (counts against) (-1). The right option, 4, scored 1. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad/