Test 5 · ★★ · Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croaking choruses, toad…
In a cartoon, a princess kisses a warty toad and gets warts all over. What is the truth?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: princess, truth · What happens: kiss, get, be · To what, where: warty toad, cartoon, warts
This is test 5 · ★★ of lesson 309 «Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croaking choruses, toad crossings and the fire-bellied toad» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: In a cartoon, a princess kisses a warty toad and gets warts all over.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 cartoon | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 cartoon | det |
| 3 | cartoon | cartoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 kisses | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 cartoon | punct |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 princess | det |
| 6 | princess | princess | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 kisses | nsubj |
| 7 | kisses | kiss | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 toad | det |
| 9 | warty | warty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 toad | amod |
| 10 | toad | toad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 kisses | obj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 gets | cc |
| 12 | gets | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 kisses | conj |
| 13 | warts | wart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 gets | obj |
| 14 | all | all | ADV | _ | 15 over | advmod |
| 15 | over | over | ADV | _ | 12 gets | advmod |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 kisses | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | kiss | present | a princess | a warty toad | a cartoon | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toad=Co-Agent | |||
| 2 | get | present | a princess not said here | warts | over property | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer wart=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is the truth?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | root | root |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 What | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 truth | det |
| 4 | truth | truth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 What | nsubj |
| 5 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 1 What | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the truth | tree rules |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Warts on people come from a virus, not from toads
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Warts | wart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 come | nsubj |
| 2 | on | on | ADP | _ | 3 people | case |
| 3 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Warts | nmod |
| 4 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 7 virus | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 virus | det |
| 7 | virus | virus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 come | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 toads | punct |
| 9 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 11 toads | advmod |
| 10 | from | from | ADP | _ | 11 toads | case |
| 11 | toads | toad | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 come | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | present | Warts on people | a virus | from toads | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from virus=Initial_Location from toad=Destination |
Option 2
Kissing gives toads warts
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kissing | kiss | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 gives | nsubj |
| 2 | gives | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | toads | toad | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 gives | obj |
| 4 | warts | wart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 gives | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | kiss | gerund | vn marry-36.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | give | present | warts | toads | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent toad=Recipient wart=Theme |
Option 3
Toads pass on their warts to anyone who touches them
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Toads | toad | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 pass | nsubj |
| 2 | pass | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | on | on | ADP | _ | 5 warts | case |
| 4 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 warts | nmod:poss |
| 5 | warts | wart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 pass | obl |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 anyone | case |
| 7 | anyone | anyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 2 pass | obl |
| 8 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 touches | nsubj |
| 9 | touches | touch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 anyone | acl:relcl |
| 10 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 touches | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pass | present | Toads | Toads's warts | to anyone | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on wart=Location | |||
| 2 | touch | present | Toads = toad | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Co-Theme |
Option 4
Only frogs pass warts
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 2 frogs | advmod |
| 2 | frogs | frog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 pass | nsubj |
| 3 | pass | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | warts | wart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 pass | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pass | present | frogs | warts | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme wart=Trajectory |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad/t5/