Test 11 · ★ · Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sperm whale, orca, bel…

«the beluga's head changes shape?? creepy» What is happening?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: head · What happens: change, happen · To what, where: shape

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 313 «Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sperm whale, orca, beluga and beaked whales» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 changes	punct
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 beluga	det
3	beluga	beluga	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 head	nmod:poss
4	's	's	PART	_	3 beluga	case
5	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 changes	nsubj
6	changes	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 changes	obj
8	??	??	PUNCT	_	9 creepy	punct
9	creepy	creepy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 changes	obl
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 creepy	punct
11	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	13 happening	nsubj
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 happening	aux
13	happening	happen	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 changes	ccomp
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 changes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change in a quote	present	the beluga's head	shape				creepy obl	tree rules
2	happen	present · progressive							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Its melon changes shape as it makes sounds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 melon	nmod:poss
2	melon	melon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 changes	nsubj
3	changes	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 changes	obj
5	as	as	SCONJ	_	7 makes	mark
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 makes	nsubj
7	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 changes	advcl
8	sounds	sound	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 makes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	present	Its melon	shape					vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Patient
2	make	present	melon	sounds					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material sound=Product

Option 2

It is storing extra food in its soft forehead

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 storing	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 storing	aux
3	storing	store	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	extra	extra	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 food	amod
5	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 storing	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	9 forehead	case
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 forehead	nmod:poss
8	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 forehead	amod
9	forehead	forehead	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 storing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	store	present · progressive	It	extra food		food's soft forehead			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent food=Theme in forehead=Location

Option 3

Its skull is broken

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 skull	nmod:poss
2	skull	skull	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 broken	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 broken	aux:pass
4	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break	present · passive		Its skull					vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 4

It is breathing through its forehead

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 breathing	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 breathing	aux
3	breathing	breathe	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	through	through	ADP	_	6 forehead	case
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 forehead	nmod:poss
6	forehead	forehead	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 breathing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	breathe	present · progressive	It			its forehead			vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales/t11/