Exam question 2 · Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, the bumbleb…

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the feeding of vampire bats.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts, vampire bats · What happens: select, establish, concern, feed · To what, where: response, feeding

This is exam question 2 of lesson 314 «Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, the bumblebee bat and tent-makers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 feeding	det
11	feeding	feeding	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 bats	case
13	vampire	vampire	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 bats	compound
14	bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 feeding	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the feeding of vampire bats		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus feeding=Experiencer
4	feed		vampire bats			nom feeding «act intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

They feed principally upon human beings in Europe

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 feed	nsubj
2	feed	feed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	principally	principally	ADV	_	2 feed	advmod
4	upon	upon	ADP	_	6 beings	case
5	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 beings	amod
6	beings	being	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 feed	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 Europe	case
8	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 feed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	feed	present	They			Europe		upon human beings; principally property	vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in europe=Location

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

They feed exclusively upon the nectar of night-flowering plants of the tropical forests

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 feed	nsubj
2	feed	feed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	2 feed	advmod
4	upon	upon	ADP	_	6 nectar	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 nectar	det
6	nectar	nectar	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 feed	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	11 plants	case
8	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 flowering	compound
9	-	-	PUNCT	_	8 night	punct
10	flowering	flower	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 plants	amod
11	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 nectar	nmod
12	of	of	ADP	_	15 forests	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 forests	det
14	tropical	tropical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 forests	amod
15	forests	forest	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 plants	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	feed	present	They					upon the nectar of flowering plants of the tropical forests; exclusively property	vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent
2	flower	gerund							vn entity_specific_modes_being-47.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

They extract blood by suction through hollow canine teeth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 extract	nsubj
2	extract	extract	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 extract	obj
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 suction	case
5	suction	suction	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 extract	obl
6	through	through	ADP	_	9 teeth	case
7	hollow	hollow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 teeth	amod
8	canine	canine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 teeth	amod
9	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 extract	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	extract	present	They	blood		hollow canine teeth		by suction	vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blood=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

They inflict a small incision and lap the blood, chiefly of cattle, horses and birds

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 inflict	nsubj
2	inflict	inflict	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 incision	det
4	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 incision	amod
5	incision	incision	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 inflict	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 lap	cc
7	lap	lap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 inflict	conj
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 blood	det
9	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lap	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 chiefly	punct
11	chiefly	chiefly	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 blood	conj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 cattle	case
13	cattle	cattle	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 chiefly	nmod
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 horses	punct
15	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 cattle	conj
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 birds	cc
17	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 cattle	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	inflict	present	They	a small incision					tree rules
2	lap	present	They not said here	the blood and chiefly of cattle and horses and birds					vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blood=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/e2/