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Test 5 · ★ · Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders

A zoo keeper picks up a poison dart frog bred in the zoo. Why is she not worried?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: zoo keeper, keeper · What happens: pick up, breed, not be · To what, where: poison dart frog, zoo

This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 32 «Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A zoo keeper picks up a poison dart frog bred in the zoo.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 keeper	det
2	zoo	zoo	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 keeper	compound
3	keeper	keeper	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 picks	nsubj
4	picks	pick	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 picks	compound:prt
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 frog	det
7	poison	poison	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 frog	compound
8	dart	dart	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 frog	compound
9	frog	frog	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 picks	obj
10	bred	breed	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 frog	acl
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 zoo	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 zoo	det
13	zoo	zoo	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 bred	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 picks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pick up	present	a zoo keeper	a poison dart frog					vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent frog=Topic
2	breed	participle		a poison dart frog not said here		the zoo			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why is she not worried?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 worried	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 worried	cop
3	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 worried	nsubj
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 worried	advmod
5	worried	worried	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 worried	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is	present	keeper					worried property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Zoo frogs eat fruit flies, not the ants that make them poisonous

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Zoo	zoo	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 frogs	compound
2	frogs	frog	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 eat	nsubj
3	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 flies	compound
5	flies	fly	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 eat	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 ants	punct
7	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 ants	advmod
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 ants	det
9	ants	ant	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 eat	obl
10	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 make	nsubj
11	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 ants	acl:relcl
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 make	obj
13	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 make	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present	Zoo frogs	fruit flies				the ants obl	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fly=Patient
2	make	present	the ants	flies = fly				poisonous property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product

Option 2

Keepers are immune to all frogs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Keepers	keeper	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 immune	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 immune	cop
3	immune	immune	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 frogs	case
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 frogs	det
6	frogs	frog	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 immune	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Keepers					to all frogs; immune property	tree rules

Option 3

The poison only works at night

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 poison	det
2	poison	poison	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 works	nsubj
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 works	advmod
4	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 night	case
6	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 works	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	work	present	the poison				night		vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Zoo frogs are painted with safe colours over their real poison

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Zoo	zoo	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 frogs	compound
2	frogs	frog	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 painted	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 painted	aux:pass
4	painted	paint	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 colours	case
6	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 colours	amod
7	colours	colour	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 painted	obl
8	over	over	ADP	_	11 poison	case
9	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 poison	nmod:poss
10	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 poison	amod
11	poison	poison	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 painted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	paint	present · passive		Zoo frogs		frogs's real poison		with safe colours	vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: subject=Theme over poison=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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