Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders

Tests: 6 of 12 right · Exam: 2 of 4 right · Kind: ★ · Understood: 10 of 16 · Run: 2026-10-18, commit f3c23ea72

Lesson 32 of the biology course of Mova's primary school, as Mova's small model took its tests: it had read this lesson and the ones before it and learned from their exercises. Each test shows the options in the order the student saw them, its choice, the right answer, the score of every option and why it chose. The lesson itself, sentence by sentence with trees and pragmatics: the lesson in the corpora.

Every question of this lesson and each of its options parsed by Mova, with trees and pragmatics: the lesson's questions in the corpora.

Test 1 · ★ · wrong ✗

bruv, dont touch that toad, you'll get warts. true?

1. Yes, but only on your feet — no support
2. Only if you touch it on a Friday — ← Mova's choice · score 8
3. No, warts come from a human virus, but wash your hands after — ✓ the right answer · no support
4. Yes, every touch gives you a new wart on your hands — score -1

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 2 with score 8, against -1 for the next best. Its support: lesson 32, line 10: «Touching a toad does not give you warts, which are caused by a human virus, but toads have a bitter poison behind their eyes, so wash your hands.», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «touch» (+5); the same thing acted on «toad» (+3). The right option, 3, found no support in what it remembers. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 2 · ★ · wrong ✗

In a cartoon a salamander is born in a campfire and dances in the flames. How did that idea really start?

1. People saw salamanders eating hot coals from the fire, so they believed it — ← Mova's choice · score 8
2. Salamanders breathe fire like dragons — no support
3. Salamanders hiding in damp logs ran out when the logs were burnt — ✓ the right answer · score 5
4. Salamanders really are fireproof — no support

Why: It took the question to ask what something is like. It chose option 1 with score 8, against 5 for the next best. Its support: lesson 32, line 15: «Fire salamanders are black and yellow to warn that their skin poison tastes awful; the old belief that they live in fire is a myth.», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same place «fire» (+5); the same doer «salamanders» (+2); a different thing acted on (counts against) (+1). The right option, 3, scored 5. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 3 · ★ · wrong ✗

A pond is full of frogs and frogspawn every spring. What does that tell you about the pond?

1. It is badly polluted — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. Its water is probably clean — ✓ the right answer · no support
3. It has no insects at all — no support
4. It must be very salty — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 4 · ★ · wrong ✗

What would happen if a frog were kept in a dry box with no water for days?

1. It would turn back into a tadpole — ← Mova's choice · score 4
2. It would grow a hard shell — score 4
3. Nothing at all, as frogs only need water when they are tadpoles — score 2
4. Its skin would dry and it could not breathe or drink properly — ✓ the right answer · score 2

Why: It took the question to ask what happens next. It chose option 1 with score 4, tied with another option at 4 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 32, line 12: «Poison dart frogs warn enemies with bright colours; they get their poison from ants and mites they eat in the wild, so zoo frogs fed on fruit flies are not poi…», reached through what followed the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same doer «zoo frogs» (+4). The right option, 4, scored 2. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 5 · ★ · right ✓

A zoo keeper picks up a poison dart frog bred in the zoo. Why is she not worried?

1. Zoo frogs eat fruit flies, not the ants that make them poisonous — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score -1
2. Keepers are immune to all frogs — no support
3. The poison only works at night — no support
4. Zoo frogs are painted with safe colours over their real poison — no support

Why: It took the question to ask why something happens (its cause). It chose option 1 with score -1, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 32, line 12: «Poison dart frogs warn enemies with bright colours; they get their poison from ants and mites they eat in the wild, so zoo frogs fed on fruit flies are not poi…», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same action «eat» (+1). Against it: a different thing acted on (counts against) (-2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 6 · ★ · wrong ✗

A frog from 1,000 eggs: how many will usually grow into adult frogs?

1. Almost all of them — ← Mova's choice · score -3
2. About a hundred, every time — score -3
3. Only a handful, as most are eaten — ✓ the right answer · no support
4. Exactly half — score -3

Why: It took the question to ask what it is done to. It chose option 1 with score -3, tied with another option at -3 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 6, line 18: «Reindeer are the only deer in which both males and females usually grow antlers.», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «grow» (+2); the same property (+1). Against it: a different thing acted on (counts against) (-2); a different doer (counts against) (-4). The right option, 3, found no support in what it remembers. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 7 · ★ · right ✓

i read the tadpoles tail just drops off like a lizard's lol. right?

1. Yes, it drops off on the pond floor — no support
2. No, the body breaks the tail down and uses it as food — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 4
3. No, the tail slowly becomes the frog's long sticky tongue — no support
4. Yes, and another tadpole eats it — no support

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 2 with score 4, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 32, line 7: «Tadpoles breathe with gills; during metamorphosis they grow back legs, then front legs, form lungs, and the body breaks down the tail and uses it as food.», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same action «break down» (+2); the same doer «body» (+1); the same thing acted on «tail» (+1). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 8 · ★ · right ✓

In a game your axolotl pet grows up into a lizard and walks out of the tank. What really happens to axolotls?

1. They become fish when they are grown up — no support
2. They keep their gills and stay in water all their lives — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 8
3. They all turn into frogs — no support
4. They grow wings at age two — no support

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 2 with score 8, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 32, line 14: «The axolotl is a salamander that keeps its feathery baby gills and stays in water all its life; wild axolotls live only in a few canals near Mexico City and ar…», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «keep» (+5); the same thing acted on «feathery baby gills» (+3). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 9 · ★ · right ✓

Why are scientists interested in wood frogs for hospitals?

1. To learn how to make sick people hibernate through the summer months — no support
2. To breed frogs for food — no support
3. To learn how to keep organs for transplant cold for longer — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 7
4. To make new medicines for coughs — no support

Why: It took the question to ask why something happens (its cause). It chose option 3 with score 7, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 32, line 16: «The wood frog lets about two thirds of the water in its body freeze; its heart stops, and sugar works as antifreeze inside its cells until it thaws in spring;…», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «keep» (+3); the same thing acted on «organs» (+2); the same circumstance (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 10 · ★ · wrong ✗

Toads and frogs both live near ponds. How can you tell a toad?

1. Smooth wet skin and long legs for jumping — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. A long tail and a wavy crest — no support
3. Feathery gills on its head — no support
4. Dry, warty skin and short legs for walking — ✓ the right answer · no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 11 · ★ · right ✓

A newt loses its tail to a heron's beak but escapes. What will probably happen?

1. It can grow a new tail — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · no support
2. It will grow a second head — no support
3. It will die without its tail — no support
4. It will turn into a frog — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 12 · ★ · right ✓

Why would a common frog leave its pond after spring and live under logs?

1. Adult frogs hunt on land and only need the pond to breed — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 3
2. Ponds are too cold in summer for any animal to live in them — score 2
3. Frogs cannot swim once they are adults — no support
4. Fish chase all frogs out of ponds — no support

Why: It took the question to ask why something happens (its cause). It chose option 1 with score 3, against 2 for the next best. Its support: lesson 32, line 6: «A common frog lays about 1,000 to 2,000 eggs in one clump of frogspawn, while toads lay their eggs in long strings round water plants; most eggs and tadpoles a…», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same place «land» (+2); the same action «hunt» (+1). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 1 · formal language · wrong ✗

Identify the principal reason for which amphibians are especially susceptible to pollution of their habitat.

1. They feed exclusively upon pollutants found in the water — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. Their thin, moist skin readily absorbs substances — ✓ the right answer · no support
3. They possess no lungs at any stage — no support
4. They are unable to leave the water — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 2 · formal language · wrong ✗

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the fate of the tadpole's tail during metamorphosis?

1. It is shed and abandoned upon the pond floor — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. It is converted into the hind limbs — no support
3. It is broken down and its material reused by the body — ✓ the right answer · no support
4. It persists into adulthood unchanged, as with the newt — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 3 · formal language · right ✓

Ascertain the source of toxicity in wild poison dart frogs.

1. Their diet of ants and mites — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · no support
2. Their bright pigmentation — no support
3. The water of their habitat — no support
4. Exposure to sunlight — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 4 · formal language · right ✓

It is asserted that contact with a toad occasions warts. Select the response consistent with the established facts.

1. The assertion is true only of the common toad and not of the frog — no support
2. The assertion is false, warts being caused by a human virus — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 7
3. The assertion is true in all cases — no support
4. The assertion is true for children only — no support

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 2 with score 7, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 32, line 10: «Touching a toad does not give you warts, which are caused by a human virus, but toads have a bitter poison behind their eyes, so wash your hands.», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: the same thing acted on «warts» (+4); the same doer «human virus» (+2); the same action «cause» (+1). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/