Exam question 3 · Eagles: golden eagles, harpy eagles, Steller's sea eagles…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the vulnerability of the harpy eagle?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: vulnerability

This is exam question 3 of lesson 323 «Eagles: golden eagles, harpy eagles, Steller's sea eagles and eagle eyes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 vulnerability	det
10	vulnerability	vulnerability	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	14 eagle	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 eagle	det
13	harpy	harpy	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 eagle	compound
14	eagle	eagle	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 vulnerability	nmod
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the vulnerability of the harpy eagle				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Its diet consists solely of a single plant

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 diet	nmod:poss
2	diet	diet	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 consists	nsubj
3	consists	consist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	solely	solely	ADV	_	3 consists	advmod
5	of	of	ADP	_	8 plant	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 plant	det
7	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 plant	amod
8	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 consists	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consist	present	Its diet					of a single plant; solely property	tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Its slow rate of reproduction impedes the recovery of its numbers following losses

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 rate	nmod:poss
2	slow	slow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 rate	amod
3	rate	rate	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 impedes	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 reproduction	case
5	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rate	nmod
6	impedes	impede	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 recovery	det
8	recovery	recovery	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 impedes	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 numbers	case
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 numbers	nmod:poss
11	numbers	number	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 recovery	nmod
12	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 numbers	acl
13	losses	loss	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 following	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	impede	present	Its slow rate of reproduction	the recovery of rate's numbers	vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer recovery=Eventuality
2	follow	gerund	rate's numbers not said here	losses	vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent loss=Theme
3	recover		rate's numbers		nom recovery «event intransitive»: of=agent

Option 3

It is incapable of flight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 incapable	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 incapable	cop
3	incapable	incapable	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 flight	case
5	flight	flight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 incapable	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	incapable				of flight	tree rules

Option 4

Its large clutches of eggs render it vulnerable to overcrowding and to shortages of prey

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 clutches	nmod:poss
2	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 clutches	amod
3	clutches	clutch	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 render	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 eggs	case
5	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 clutches	nmod
6	render	render	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 render	obj
8	vulnerable	vulnerable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 render	xcomp
9	to	to	SCONJ	_	10 overcrowding	mark
10	overcrowding	overcrowd	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 vulnerable	advcl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 shortages	cc
12	to	to	ADP	_	13 shortages	case
13	shortages	shortage	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 overcrowding	obj
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 prey	case
15	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 shortages	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	render	present	Its large clutches of eggs	it	vulnerable property	vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
2	overcrowd	gerund	Its large clutches of eggs not said here	shortages of prey		tree rules
3	clutch		Its = it	eggs		nom clutch «act transitive»: poss=agent of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/323-eagles-golden-eagles-harpy-eagles-stellers-sea-eagles-and-eagle-eyes/e3/