Test 9 · ★★ · Falcons, hawks, kites, ospreys and vultures

«a falcon diving's faster than it flying flat, why tho» What is the best answer?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: diving, best answer · What happens: fly, be

This is test 9 · ★★ of lesson 324 «Falcons, hawks, kites, ospreys and vultures» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 faster	punct
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 diving	det
3	falcon	falcon	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 diving	compound
4	diving	diving	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 faster	nmod:poss
5	's	's	PART	_	4 diving	case
6	faster	fast	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
7	than	than	SCONJ	_	9 flying	mark
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 flying	nsubj
9	flying	fly	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 faster	advcl
10	flat	flat	ADV	_	9 flying	advmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 why	punct
12	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 faster	conj
13	tho	tho	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 What	det
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	13 tho	punct
15	What	what	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 why	conj
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 What	cop
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 answer	det
18	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	19 answer	amod
19	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 What	nsubj
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 faster	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly in a quote	gerund	diving					flat property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is a	present	the best answer						tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The air is thinner near the ground

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 air	det
2	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 thinner	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 thinner	cop
4	thinner	thin	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
5	near	near	ADP	_	7 ground	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 ground	det
7	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 thinner	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the air			the ground		thin property	tree rules

Option 2

Falcons are lazy when flying flat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Falcons	falcon	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 lazy	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 lazy	cop
3	lazy	lazy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	5 flying	advmod
5	flying	fly	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 lazy	advcl
6	flat	flat	ADV	_	5 flying	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Falcons					lazy property	tree rules
2	fly	gerund	Falcons not said here					flat property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Diving uses gravity, with wings folded tight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Diving	diving	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 uses	nsubj
2	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	gravity	gravity	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 uses	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 wings	punct
5	with	with	ADP	_	6 wings	case
6	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 uses	obl
7	folded	fold	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 wings	acl
8	tight	tight	ADV	_	7 folded	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present	Diving	gravity				with wings	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gravity=Patient
2	fold	participle		wings not said here				tight property	vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4

Falcons push off clouds with their feet

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Falcons	falcon	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 push	nsubj
2	push	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	off	off	ADP	_	2 push	compound:prt
4	clouds	cloud	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 push	obj
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 feet	case
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 feet	nmod:poss
7	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 push	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push off	present	Falcons	clouds				with Falcons's feet	vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cloud=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures/t9/