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Test 10 · Birds: feathers, wings, eggs and flight

A barn swallow ringed in a Devon barn is found in South Africa in winter. What does this show?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: this · What happens: ring, find, show · To what, where: barn swallow, Devon barn, South Africa

This is test 10 of lesson 33 «Birds: feathers, wings, eggs and flight» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A barn swallow ringed in a Devon barn is found in South Africa in winter.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 swallow	det
2	barn	barn	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 swallow	compound
3	swallow	swallow	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 found	nsubj:pass
4	ringed	ring	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 swallow	acl
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 barn	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 barn	det
7	Devon	Devon	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 barn	compound
8	barn	barn	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 ringed	obl
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 found	aux:pass
10	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 Africa	case
12	South	South	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 Africa	compound
13	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 found	obl
14	in	in	ADP	_	15 winter	case
15	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 found	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 found	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ring	participle		a barn swallow not said here		a Devon barn			vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in barn=Location
2	find	present · passive		a barn swallow		South Africa	winter		vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does this show?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 show	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 show	aux
3	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 show	nsubj
4	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 show	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present · do-support	this						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Swallows migrate thousands of kilometres for winter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Swallows	swallow	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 migrate	nsubj
2	migrate	migrate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 migrate	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 kilometres	case
5	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 thousands	nmod
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 winter	case
7	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 migrate	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	migrate	present	Swallows	thousands of kilometres			winter		tree rules

Option 2

Swallows live in Africa all year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Swallows	swallow	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 live	nsubj
2	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Africa	case
4	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 live	obl
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 year	det
6	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 live	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	Swallows			Africa	year		vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in africa=Location

Option 3

Someone carried it there by plane

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 carried	nsubj
2	carried	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 carried	obj
4	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	2 carried	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 plane	case
6	plane	plane	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 carried	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	past	Someone	it		there		by plane	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 4

It was blown off course in a big storm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 blown	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 blown	aux:pass
3	blown	blow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	off	off	ADP	_	5 course	case
5	course	course	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 blown	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	9 storm	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 storm	det
8	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 storm	amod
9	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 blown	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	blow off	past · passive		It		a big storm		off course	vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP PP»: subject=Beneficiary course=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/33-birds-feathers-wings-eggs-and-flight/t10/