Exam question 2 · Fruit: how apples, bananas, oranges, strawberries and grap…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the banana plant?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: banana plant

This is exam question 2 of lesson 346 «Fruit: how apples, bananas, oranges, strawberries and grapes grow» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 plant	det
10	banana	banana	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 plant	compound
11	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the banana plant				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is a giant herb whose apparent trunk consists of rolled leaf stalks

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 herb	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 herb	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 herb	det
4	giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 herb	amod
5	herb	herb	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	8 trunk	nmod:poss
7	apparent	apparent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 trunk	amod
8	trunk	trunk	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 consists	nsubj
9	consists	consist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 herb	acl:relcl
10	of	of	ADP	_	13 stalks	case
11	rolled	roll	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 stalks	amod
12	leaf	leaf	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 stalks	compound
13	stalks	stalk	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 herb	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a giant herb	of rolled leaf stalks	tree rules
2	consist	present	apparent trunk			tree rules
3	roll	participle				vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

It is a shrub that bears its fruit beneath the soil

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 shrub	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 shrub	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 shrub	det
4	shrub	shrub	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 fruit	nsubj
6	bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 fruit	nsubj
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 fruit	nmod:poss
8	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 shrub	parataxis
9	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	11 soil	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 soil	det
11	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 fruit	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a shrub					tree rules
2	fruit		that					beneath the soil	tree rules

Option 3

It is a woody tree of the palm family

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 tree	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 tree	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 tree	det
4	woody	woody	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 tree	amod
5	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	9 family	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 family	det
8	palm	palm	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 family	compound
9	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 tree	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a woody tree				of the palm family	tree rules

Option 4

It is a climbing vine supported by tendrils

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 vine	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 vine	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 vine	det
4	climbing	climbing	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 vine	compound
5	vine	vine	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	supported	support	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 vine	acl
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 tendrils	case
8	tendrils	tendril	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 supported	obl:agent

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a climbing vine					tree rules
2	support	participle		a climbing vine not said here					vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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