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Test 11 · ★★ · Birds of every kind: penguins, ostriches, parrots, humming…

In a cartoon, a kiwi flies down from a tree to catch worms. What is wrong?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: kiwi · What happens: fly down, catch, be · To what, where: cartoon, worms

This is test 11 · ★★ of lesson 35 «Birds of every kind: penguins, ostriches, parrots, hummingbirds, songbirds, crows» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon, a kiwi flies down from a tree to catch worms.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 flies	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 cartoon	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 kiwi	det
6	kiwi	kiwi	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 flies	nsubj
7	flies	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	down	down	ADV	_	7 flies	advmod
9	from	from	ADP	_	11 tree	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 tree	det
11	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 flies	obl
12	to	to	PART	_	13 catch	mark
13	catch	catch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 flies	advcl
14	worms	worm	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 catch	obj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 flies	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly down	present	a kiwi			a cartoon		from a tree; down property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cartoon=Location
2	catch	to-infinitive	a kiwi not said here	worms					vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent worm=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Kiwis cannot fly; they sniff out worms on the ground at night

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kiwis	kiwi	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 fly	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 fly	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 fly	advmod
4	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	;	;	PUNCT	_	7 sniff	punct
6	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 sniff	nsubj
7	sniff	sniff	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 fly	conj
8	out	out	ADP	_	7 sniff	compound:prt
9	worms	worm	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 sniff	obj
10	on	on	ADP	_	12 ground	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 ground	det
12	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sniff	obl
13	at	at	ADP	_	14 night	case
14	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sniff	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not fly	can	Kiwis						vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	sniff out	present	Kiwis = kiwi	worms		the ground	night		vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent worm=Theme

Option 2

Kiwis live only in the Arctic

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kiwis	kiwi	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 live	nsubj
2	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	2 live	advmod
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 Arctic	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Arctic	det
6	Arctic	Arctic	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 live	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	Kiwis			the Arctic			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in arctic=Location

Option 3

Kiwis only eat fruit

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kiwis	kiwi	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 eat	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 eat	advmod
3	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 eat	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present	Kiwis	fruit					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fruit=Patient

Option 4

Nothing, kiwis are great flyers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	3 kiwis	compound
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	kiwis	kiwi	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 flyers	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 flyers	cop
5	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 flyers	amod
6	flyers	flyer	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Nothing kiwis	great flyers					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/35-birds-of-every-kind/t11/